How Do Lay-Off Costs Affect Employment?
How Do Lay-Off Costs Affect Employment?
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裁员成本如何影响就业？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lars Ljungqvist
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lars Ljungqvist
裁员成本的一般均衡分析对就业的影响产生了不同的信息。本文揭示了起作用的经济力量，并解释了不同的结果。具体来说，我们发现裁员成本的积极就业效应是通过减少劳动力再配置来实现的，而负面影响是通过减少私人的工作回报来实现的，这是由于裁员成本和相关的低效率的劳动力配置。工人有效议价能力的提高也会对就业产生额外的不利影响。这些力量解释了为什么裁员成本倾向于在搜索模型中增加就业，而在就业抽奖模型中则相反。在匹配模型中，我们表明就业效应主要取决于如何假设裁员成本进入议价过程。
General equilibrium analyses of layoff costs have had mixed messages on the implications for employment. This paper brings out the economic forces at work and explains the disparate results. Specifically, we show that positive employment effects of layoff costs come through reducing labor reallocation, whereas negative effects come through reducing the private return to work due to those layoff costs and the associated inefficient allocation of labor. Additional adverse employment effects can arise through an increase in the effective bargaining strength of workers. These forces explain why layoff costs tend to increase employment in search models while the opposite is true in models with employment lotteries. In matching models, we show that the employment effects depend critically on how layoff costs are assumed to enter the bargaining process.