The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System.
The Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Significance of Exosomes as Carriers of Drug Delivery System.
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DOI：
10.3390/pharmaceutics15010021
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发表时间：
2022-12-21
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Yu S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li T;Li X;Han G;Liang M;Yang Z;Zhang C;Huang S;Tai S;Yu S
药物传递系统（DDS）是通过药物载体实现药物传递的过程。作为DDS的重要组成部分，药物载体材料的选择极为关键，要求载体材料具有良好的生物相容性和靶向性，且不影响药物的药理作用。作为内源性细胞外囊泡的一种，外泌体直径为30-100 nm，被认为是新一代天然纳米级递送系统。由不同类型细胞分泌的外泌体携带信号分子（如蛋白质和核酸），在细胞行为中起重要作用。由于它们能够专门进行细胞间通讯，外泌体提供了一种独特的方法来将治疗药物递送到靶细胞。在这个概念中，外泌体作为天然脂质体携带内源性生物分子，具有优异的生物相容性，并且可以在体内和体外装载货物。此外，通过遗传和/或化学工程对外泌体表面的一部分进行修饰或补充所需的天然作用可以增强靶向与药物负载能力。值得注意的是，外泌体与血清蛋白的弱反应延长了货物半衰期。总体而言，外泌体作为天然载体整合了合成纳米载体和细胞通讯的优势，同时排除了它们的局限性，这为药物递送和治疗提供了新的和可靠的方法。本文综述了外泌体作为药物载体在肿瘤、神经系统、免疫系统和骨骼系统等疾病中的治疗潜力和临床应用价值。
Drug delivery system (DDS) realizes the drug delivery process through the drug carrier. As an important part of DDS, the selection of the drug carrier material is extremely critical, which requires the carrier material to possess excellent biocompatibility and targeting and not affect the pharmacological action of the drug. As one of the endogenous extracellular vesicles, exosomes are 30–100 nm in diameter, which are considered a new generation of a natural nanoscale delivery system. Exosomes secreted by different types of cells carry signaling molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acid) playing an important role in cell behaviors. Owing to their ability to specialize in intercellular communication, exosomes provide a distinctive method to deliver therapeutic drugs to target cells. In this concept, exosomes as the natural liposomes carry endogenous biomolecules, have excellent biocompatibility, and could be loaded with cargo both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, modifications by genetic and/or chemical engineering to part of the exosome surface or complement the desired natural effect may enhance the targeting with drug loading capability. Notably, exosomes weakly react with serum proteins prolonging cargo half-life. Overall, exosomes as natural carriers integrate the superiority of synthetic nanocarriers and cellular communication while precluding their limitations, which provides novel and reliable methods for drug delivery and treatment. Our review focuses on the therapeutic potentials and clinical values of exosomes as a carrier of drug delivery system in multiple diseases, including cancer, nervous, immune, and skeletal system diseases.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-06-10
期刊：
Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society
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