Implementation intentions and efficient action initiation
Implementation intentions and efficient action initiation
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.81.5.946
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Gollwitzer, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brandstätter, V;Lengfelder, A;Gollwitzer, PM
实现意图（“如果我遇到情况X，那么我将执行行为Y!”）被假定会引发自动行动启动（p.m. Gollwitzer, 1993,1999）。在4项研究中，即使在高认知负荷的条件下，一旦遇到特定的情况，实施意图也会导致立即行动发起。首先，行为控制被破坏性认知业务所阻碍的个体，如戒断期的阿片类成瘾者（研究1）和精神分裂症患者（研究2），从形成实施意图中受益。研究3和研究4采用双任务范式对大学生进行认知负荷诱导实验，发现了实施意图的有益作用。这4项研究的结果表明，形成实施意图促使立即行动发起，这也是有效的。
Implementation intentions ("If I encounter Situation X, then I'll perform Behavior Y!") are postulated to instigate automatic action initiation (P. M. Gollwitzer, 1993, 1999). In 4 studies, the hypothesis was tested that implementation intentions lead to immediate action initiation once the specified situation is encountered, even under conditions of high cognitive load. First, individuals whose action control is known to be hampered by disruptive cognitive business, such as opiate addicts under withdrawal (Study 1) and schizophrenic patients (Study 2), benefited from forming implementation intentions. Second, the beneficial effect of implementation intentions was also found in 2 experiments with university students (Studies 3 and 4) in which cognitive load was experimentally induced by using dual task paradigms. Results of the 4 studies suggest that forming implementation intentions instigates immediate action initiation that is also efficient.