The implication of proinflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetes
The implication of proinflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetes
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DOI：
10.2741/3074
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Freund, Gregory G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guest, Christopher B.;Park, Min J.;Freund, Gregory G.
2型糖尿病（T2D）的发病率正在迅速扩大。与之相关的一些更明显的病理包括：葡萄糖代谢缺陷、肥胖、心血管疾病和无法对某些病原生物体的感染产生有效的免疫应答，导致败血症和死亡。一个共同的纽带连接这些看似不同的并发症是慢性炎症。今天，我们知道炎症是由许多生化信号局部和全身调节的。这些信号中最重要的一种是一类称为细胞因子的分子。细胞因子通常可分类为促炎性或抗炎性，并允许生物体通过协调适当的免疫应答来快速响应免疫攻击。在T2D中，促炎和抗炎细胞因子之间的平衡向促炎转移，可能导致或加剧T2D中发现的健康并发症。营养过剩已被证明会触发先天免疫系统，但先天免疫系统本身的激活会诱导高血糖症和胰岛素抵抗。在所有的可能性中，糖尿病和慢性炎症是不可分割的，并作为一个相互的前馈循环。
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly expanding. Some of the more obvious pathologies associated with it include: defective glucose metabolism, obesity, cardiovascular disease and an inability to mount an effective immune response to infection by certain pathogenic organisms, leading to sepsis and death. A common tie linking these seemingly disparate complications is chronic inflammation. Today we know that inflammation is regulated locally and systemically by numerous biochemical signals. One of the most important of these signals is a class of molecules called cytokines. Cytokines can be generally classified as proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory and allow an organism to respond rapidly to an immune challenge by coordinating an appropriate immune response. In T2D, the balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is shifted toward proinflammation, potentially causing or exacerbating the health complications found in T2D. Overnutrition has been shown to trigger the innate immune system but activation of the innate immune system, itself, induces hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. In all likelihood, diabetes and chronic inflammation are inseparable and act as a reciprocal feed-forward loop.