EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CAUSES OF DEATH AMONG CHILDREN IN A RURAL AREA OF BANGLADESH
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CAUSES OF DEATH AMONG CHILDREN IN A RURAL AREA OF BANGLADESH
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/9.1.25
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
SARDER, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHEN, LC;RAHMAN, M;SARDER, AM
通过对孟加拉国26万农村人口的纵向监测计划，分析了3岁以上(1975-1977)儿童死亡(5岁以下)的流行病学和原因。最主要的死亡原因是腹泻(水样和痢疾)、破伤风、麻疹、发烧、呼吸道疾病、溺水、皮肤病和其他原因。在142.6/1000活产婴儿死亡率中，新生儿破伤风(37.4/1000)、腹泻(19.6/1000)和呼吸系统疾病(10.4/1000)是最重要的可识别原因。许多婴儿死亡(62.2/1000)不明，发生在新生儿时期(1-28天)。1~4年死亡率平均为34.3/1000。腹泻(15.1/1000)、麻疹(4.5/1000)、发热(2.9/1000)和呼吸道疾病(1.6/1000)是1-4年死亡的主要原因。过去10年的死亡率趋势显示了对2种疾病的反应出现了短暂的剧烈波动，但没有明确的长期趋势。大多数死因表现出季节性波动，性别差异明显，在新生儿期以后，所有年龄段的女性死亡人数均超过男性。来自低社会经济地位家庭的营养不良儿童的死亡率高于营养较好和较富裕家庭的儿童。提供一些基本的保健措施(口服补水和免疫)可能会使5岁以下的死亡率大幅下降。
From a longitudinal surveillance program among a rural Bangladesh population of 260,000, the epidemiology and causes of child death (under age 5) over 3 yr (1975-1977) were analyzed. The most significant causes of death were diarrhea (watery and dysentery), tetanus, measles, fever, respiratory disease, drowning, skin disease and other causes. Of an infant mortality rate of 142.6/1000 live births, neonatal tetanus (37.4/1000), diarrhea (19.6/1000) and respiratory disease (10.4/1000) were the most significant identifiable causes. Many infant deaths (62.2/1000) were unidentified, taking place during the neonatal (1-28 days) period. The 1-4 yr mortality averaged 34.3/1000. Diarrhea (15.1/1000), measles (4.5/1000), fever (2.9/1000) and respiratory disease (1.6/1000) accounted for most 1-4 yr deaths. Mortality trends over the past 10 yr showed sharp temporary fluctuations in response to 2 disaters, but no definitive long-term trend. Most causes of death displayed seasonal fluctuation and sex differentials were marked with female deaths exceeding male deaths for all ages after the neonatal period. Malnourished children from low socioeconomic status families had higher mortality rates than their better nourished and wealthier counterparts. The delivery of a few basic health measures (oral hydration and immunization) could possibly result in substantial reduction of mortality under 5.