The RDoC framework: facilitating transition from ICD/DSM to dimensional approaches that integrate neuroscience and psychopathology
The RDoC framework: facilitating transition from ICD/DSM to dimensional approaches that integrate neuroscience and psychopathology
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DOI：
10.1002/wps.20087
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
73.3
通讯作者：
Cuthbert, Bruce N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cuthbert, Bruce N.
2008年，美国国家精神卫生研究所（NIMH）在其新的战略计划中提出了以下目标：为研究目的，根据可观察的行为和神经生物学测量的维度，开发精神障碍分类的新方法。这个目标的实现被命名为研究领域标准项目（RDoC）。RDoC是一个程序性的倡议，它将资助拨款、合同、早期试验和类似的活动，目的是产生研究，建立研究文献，为未来基于神经科学和行为科学的精神病学分类学提供信息，而不是描述现象学。RDoC与DSM和ICD的流程明显不同，在DSM和ICD流程中，广泛的工作组会议产生最终和精细的诊断集，只有在临床应用出现问题时才在现场测试中进行修改。更确切地说，RDoC作为一个实验系统的起源，提供了一个框架来进行基于基本电路的行为维度的研究，突破了传统的诊断类别。虽然该项目的一个重要目标是验证特定维度对最终临床工作的有用性，但同样重要的目标是提供有关如何构思和实施这种替代方法的信息和经验，以用于未来的诊断实践，可以利用遗传学和神经科学为更有效的治疗和预防服务。本文总结了RDoC项目的基本原理、基本特征，以及在研究中从DSM/ICD类别向面向维度的设计过渡的潜在方法。
In 2008, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) included in its new Strategic Plan the following aim: Develop, for research purposes, new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures. The implementation of this aim was named the Research Domain Criteria project, or RDoC. RDoC is a programmatic initiative that will fund grants, contracts, early-phase trials, and similar activities for the purpose of generating studies to build a research literature that can inform future versions of psychiatric nosologies based upon neuroscience and behavioral science rather than descriptive phenomenology. RDoC departs markedly from the DSM and ICD processes, in which extensive workgroup meetings generate final and finely-honed sets of diagnoses that are modified in field tests only if problems with clinical utility arise. Rather, in keeping with its provenance as an experimental system, the RDoC provides a framework for conducting research in terms of fundamental circuit-based behavioral dimensions that cut across traditional diagnostic categories. While an important aim of the project is to validate particular dimensions as useful for eventual clinical work, an equally important goal is to provide information and experience about how to conceive and implement such an alternative approach to future diagnostic practices that can harness genetics and neuroscience in the service of more effective treatment and prevention. This paper summarizes the rationale for the RDoC project, its essential features, and potential methods of transitioning from DSM/ICD categories to dimensionally-oriented designs in research studies.