Maternal Educational Attainment at Birth Promotes Future Self-Rated Health of White but Not Black Youth: A 15-Year Cohort of a National Sample
Maternal Educational Attainment at Birth Promotes Future Self-Rated Health of White but Not Black Youth: A 15-Year Cohort of a National Sample
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DOI：
10.3390/jcm7050093
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Mincy, Ronald B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Assari, Shervin;Caldwell, Cleopatra Howard;Mincy, Ronald B.
背景：社会经济地位（SES）对于维持健康至关重要，自评健康（SRH）也不例外。这项研究探讨了母亲出生时受教育程度对 15 年后青少年性健康和生殖健康状况较差的保护作用的种族差异。方法：利用脆弱家庭和儿童福祉研究 (FFCWS) 的数据，这项为期 15 年的纵向研究跟踪了 1934 名从出生到 15 岁的青少年。该样本由白人 (n = 497, 25.7%) 和黑人 (n = 1437, 74.3%) 青少年组成。自变量是母亲出生时的受教育程度。 15 岁时的 SRH 是因变量。家庭结构是协变量。种族是焦点主持人。我们在合并样本中运行逻辑回归模型，以及基于种族的分层模型。结果：在汇总样本中，母亲受教育程度和家庭结构并不能预测 15 岁青少年的 SRH。种族与母亲受教育程度相互作用，表明与黑人相比，白人母亲出生时受教育程度与青少年 SRH 之间的相关性更强。在种族分层模型中，母亲出生时的受教育程度可以保护白人青少年免受不良性健康和生殖健康的影响，但不能保护黑人青少年。结论：白人青年而非黑人青年从母亲受教育程度中获得的性健康和生殖健康较少。提高教育程度可能不会对不同种族群体产生相同的效果。黑人的健康状况可能对母亲受教育程度的提高反应较小。政策不应局限于对教育程度的投资，还应赋予黑人家庭更好地利用他们所获得的教育程度的能力。政策和计划应降低少数族裔家庭向上社会流动的成本。
Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is essential for maintaining health, and self-rated health (SRH) is not an exception to this rule. This study explored racial differences in the protective effects of maternal educational attainment at birth against poor SRH of the youth 15 years later. Methods: Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), this 15-year longitudinal study followed 1934 youths from birth to age 15. This sample was composed of White (n = 497, 25.7%), and Black (n = 1437, 74.3%) youths. The independent variable was maternal educational attainment at birth. SRH at age 15 was the dependent variable. Family structure was the covariate. Race was the focal moderator. We ran logistic regression models in the pooled sample, as well as stratified models based on race. Results: In the pooled sample, maternal educational attainment and family structure were not predictive of SRH for the youths at age 15. Race interacted with maternal educational attainment, indicating a stronger association between maternal educational attainment at birth on youth SRH for Whites compared to Blacks. In race stratified models, maternal educational attainment at birth was protective against poor SRH for White but not Black youths. Conclusion: White but not Black youths gain less SRH from their maternal educational attainment. Enhancing education attainment may not have identical effects across racial groups. The health status of Blacks may be less responsive to improvements in maternal educational attainment. Policies should go beyond investing in educational attainment by empowering Black families to better use the educational attainment that they gain. Policies and programs should reduce the costs of upward social mobility for minority families.