‘What is infrastructure? What does it do?’: anthropological perspectives on the workings of infrastructure(s)
‘What is infrastructure? What does it do?’: anthropological perspectives on the workings of infrastructure(s)
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“什么是基础设施？它有什么作用？”：对基础设施运作的人类学视角
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael R. Dove
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lav Kanoi;V. Koh;A. Lim;Shoko Yamada;Michael R. Dove
基础设施通常被认为是大的物质方面：大坝、建筑、道路等等。相反，这项研究利用人类学和社会科学的文献来分析与社会和环境有关的基础设施，从而以新的视角看待当前的基础设施概念。将这一分析置于拜登总统最近提出的基础设施法案的背景下，论文扩展了基础设施的含义和讨论的内容。该研究探讨了不同类型的物质基础设施发挥作用(以及对谁)意味着什么，并考虑了人际关系的非物质基础设施如何表现为劳动力，以及基础设施如何在使社会进程有效或无效方面产生预期或意想不到的后果。此外，在这项研究中，我们考察了在对基础设施的思考中嵌入的概念，例如通常假定的技术与社会、自然与文化、人与非人、城市与农村之间的区别，以及所有这些在思考基础设施时实际上是如何牵连的。因此，我们的分析借鉴了人类学和社会科学中关于基础设施的越来越多的工作，从我们自己的实地研究中获得了人种学的见解，从而丰富了它，从而扩展了研究21世纪基础设施的意义。
Infrastructure is often thought of in big material terms: dams, buildings, roads, and so on. This study, instead, draws on literatures in anthropology and the social sciences to analyse infrastructures in relation to society and environment, and so cast current conceptions of infrastructure in a new light. Situating the analysis in context of President Biden’s recent infrastructure bill, the paper expands what is meant by and included in discussions of infrastructure. The study examines what it means for different kinds of material infrastructures to function (and for whom) or not, and considers how the immaterial infrastructure of human relations are manifested in, for example, labour, as well as how infrastructures may create intended or unintended consequences in enabling or disabling social processes. Further, in this study, we examine concepts embedded in thinking about infrastructure such as often presumed distinctions between the technical and the social, nature and culture, the human and the non-human, and the urban and the rural, and how all of these are actually implicated in thinking about infrastructure. Our analysis, thus, draws from a growing body of work on infrastructure in anthropology and the social sciences, enriches it with ethnographic insights from our own field research, and so extends what it means to study ‘infrastructures’ in the 21st century.