Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning
Encapsulation of implicit and explicit memory in sequence learning
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DOI：
10.1162/089892998562681
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发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Squire, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reber, PJ;Squire, LR
在序列反应时（SRT）范式中，内隐知识和外显知识之间的对比受到了挑战，因为它们依赖于一个单一的分离：在没有相应的外显知识的情况下，完整的内隐知识。在SRT任务中，受试者对出现在四个位置之一的提示做出相应的按键反应。线索遵循一个重复的位置序列，受试者可以通过越来越快的表现（内隐测试）或通过能够识别序列（外显测试）来展示对重复序列的知识。在我们的研究中，健忘症患者接受了广泛的SRT训练。他们的内隐和外显测试性能进行了比较，控制受试者谁记住了培训序列的表现。与对照组相比，遗忘症患者在内隐任务上表现出上级成绩，而在外显任务上表现出受损。这种交叉互动表明，嵌入序列的内隐和外显知识是分离和封装的，它们可能依赖于不同的大脑系统。
Contrasts between implicit and explicit knowledge in the serial reaction time (SRT) paradigm have been challenged because they have depended on a single dissociation: intact implicit knowledge in the absence of corresponding explicit knowledge. In the SRT task, subjects respond with a corresponding keypress to a cue that appears in one of four locations. The cue follows a repeating sequence of locations, and subjects can exhibit knowledge of the repeating sequence through increasingly rapid performance (an implicit test) or by being able to recognize the sequence (an explicit test). In our study, amnesic patients were given extensive SRT training. Their implicit and explicit test performance was compared to the performance of control subjects who memorized the training sequence. Compared with control subjects, amnesic patients exhibited superior performance on the implicit task and impaired performance on the explicit task. This crossover interaction suggests that implicit and explicit knowledge of the embedded sequence are separate and encapsulated and that they presumably depend on different brain systems.