Disruptive Innovation
Disruptive Innovation
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DOI：
10.1201/b21203-21
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发表时间：
2015-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. West
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. West
颠覆性技术和商业模式深刻地影响着现有市场。最近最明显的例子是基于互联网的“共享服务”，它正在颠覆传统的出租车和酒店市场，但在金融、零售、电力和汽车等不同领域也有许多这样的例子。颠覆性创新可以为消费者带来重要的利益，并可以刺激创新和来自老牌供应商的价格竞争。然而，它们也可能引起合理的公共政策担忧（例如安全、隐私），并产生监管需求。现有的供应商经常会游说将现有的法规适用于新的供应商，以减少他们的竞争优势，有时声称这种优势是由于“不公平的”排除在监管规则之外。但监管应该走多远，竞争政策在这些辩论中应该扮演什么角色，以及竞争监管机构应该如何参与？2015年6月，经合组织竞争委员会举行了一场听证会，会上专家和代表们讨论了当前颠覆性创新带来的竞争政策挑战。
Disruptive technologies and business models profoundly affect existing markets. The most visible recent examples are Internet-based "sharing services" that are disrupting conventional taxi and hotel markets, but there are many others in diverse areas such as finance, retail electricity and automobiles. Disruptive innovations can deliver important benefits to consumers and can stimulate innovation and price competition from established providers. However, they can also give rise to legitimate public policy concerns (e.g. safety, privacy) and create demands for regulation. Established providers will often lobby for existing regulations to be applied to new providers to lessen their competitive advantage, sometimes claiming rightly or wrongly that this advantage arises from an ‘unfair’ exclusion from regulatory rules. But how far should regulation go, what role should competition policy play in these debates, and how might competition authorities participate? This issues paper served as the backdrop for a June 2015 hearing held by the OECD's Competition Committee, in which experts and delegates discussed current competition policy challenges arising from disruptive innovations.