Effects of microbial supplements containing yeast and lactobacilli on roughage-fed ruminal microbial activities.
Effects of microbial supplements containing yeast and lactobacilli on roughage-fed ruminal microbial activities.
复制标题
含有酵母和乳酸杆菌的微生物补充剂对粗饲料喂养的瘤胃微生物活性的影响。
DOI：
10.2527/1990.68103392x
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Boling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Dawson;K. Newman;J. Boling
本研究评价了两种微生物饲料添加物对饲喂羊茅干草粗饲料的阉牛瘤胃促瘤胃培养物和瘤胃微生物活性的影响。酵母培养物中含有酿酒酵母（1.4 ~ 4.2 × 10(9)菌落形成单位[cfu]/g），而混合微生物培养基中含有酵母、乳酸菌和肠球菌(分别为1.4 ~ 2.7 × 10(9) cfu/g、1.2 ~ 2.3 × 10（9) cfu/g和1.5 ~ 2.6 × 10(10) cfu/g）。连续培养和瘤胃中活酵母细胞浓度均持续增加（每千克饲料添加1克）。然而，在连续培养和瘤胃中，两种添加物都不能持续改变挥发性脂肪酸或氨的相对浓度。添加酵母培养物的连续培养物的pH值比未添加酵母培养物的连续培养物的pH值更高（P = 0.13） （6.50 vs 6.36），但瘤胃pH值不受添加酵母培养物的影响。在接受只含有酵母的饲料的培养物和瘤胃中，纤维素分解微生物的浓度比接受未添加饲料的培养物和瘤胃中观察到的浓度高5到40倍。对失活酵母细胞进行加热（121摄氏度15分钟）处理的补充剂没有改变促瘤胃培养物中纤维素分解细菌的浓度。这些结果表明，添加活酵母培养物可促进瘤胃中纤维素分解微生物的生长。
Effects of two microbial feed supplements on microbial activities in rumen-stimulating cultures and the rumens of steers fed a fescue hay-based roughage diet were evaluated. The yeast culture supplement contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1.4 to 4.2 x 10(9) colony-forming units [cfu]/g), whereas the mixed microbial supplement contained yeast, lactobacilli and enterococci (1.4 to 2.7 x 10(9) cfu/g, 1.2 to 2.3 x 10(9) cfu/g, and 1.5 to 2.6 x 10(10) cfu/g, respectively). Concentrations of viable yeast cells were increased consistently in continuous cultures and rumens of steers receiving either supplement (1 g/kg of feed). However, neither supplement consistently altered the relative concentrations of volatile fatty acids or ammonia in continuous cultures and rumens of steers. The pH tended to be greater (P = .13) in continuous cultures receiving yeast culture supplement than in cultures receiving the unsupplemented diet (6.50 vs 6.36), but pH in the rumens of steers was not affected by the supplements. Concentrations of cellulolytic microorganisms in cultures and the rumens of steers receiving supplements containing only yeast were from 5 to 40 times greater than those observed in cultures or steers receiving the unsupplemented diet. Supplements that had been treated with heat (121 degrees C for 15 min) to inactive yeast cells did not alter the concentrations of cellulolytic bacteria in rumen-stimulating cultures. These results suggest that live yeast culture supplements stimulate growth of cellulolytic microorganisms in the rumen.