Studies on the Glass Formation Range of Borate Systems
Studies on the Glass Formation Range of Borate Systems
复制标题
硼酸盐体系玻璃形成范围的研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
1961
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Imaoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Imaoka
玻璃形成范围问题是玻璃科学和工业的重要基础数据，但迄今尚未进行系统的研究，本文用除B_2O_3外的16种a族元素Li、Na、K、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Al、La、Ti、Zr、Th、Nb、Ta的氧化物研究了硼酸盐体系，W和9种b族元素Zn、Cd、In、Tl、Sn、Pb、As、Sb、Bi共联合收割机组成266个三元系。其它组合均视为无玻璃形成范围，并与作者给出的玻璃形成条件所能预期的玻璃形成范围进行了比较（this journal，67，364，1959），其结果是，两者大体上很好地一致。i）网络结构的一维连续性的极限。它取决于网络形成者的配位数，以及共存组分是占据修饰剂的位置还是进入网络。在前一种情况下，玻璃形成范围的类型由点A或B表示，在后一种情况下，在文中所示的三轴图上由点D或E表示。ii）极限来自网络形成的条件。根据玻璃形成的条件iv（见下文），可以从网络形成物的价态和配位数之间的差异给出极限点。它是三轴图上的C点。iii）改性剂离子数目的极限。进入玻璃网络的改性剂离子的数量的极限由网络形成物的半径给出。这些关系如图9所示。iv）B3+离子的网络形成物的替代极限。三轴图中的点X显示了这个极限。该极限极有可能取决于网络形成剂和改性剂的半径比，尽管该点并不对应于限定类型的玻璃结构。在b族离子的情况下，它可以自己形成玻璃结构，这一点对应于网络连续性的极限。它由点P，Q，R，.表示。虽然有许多例外和特殊情况，但总的趋势是相似组分的混合体系，如混合碱，扩大了玻璃的形成范围。
Studies have been made on the problems of the glass formation range, which are important as the fundamental data for the science and industry of glass, and the systematic investigation of which has never been carried out.Borate systems were studied using, except B2O3, the oxides of 16 a-group elements-Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, La, Ti, Zr, Th, Nb, Ta, W-and 9 b-group elements-Zn, Cd, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi-to combine into 266 ternary systems in all. The other combinations were regarded as having no glass formation range.The experimental results were compared with the glass forming ranges which may be expected from the conditions of glass formation given by the author (this journal, 67, 364, 1959) with a result that both are, in general in good agreement.It was found that the glass formation range will be limitted by following conditions:i) The limit of one dimensional continuity of the network structure. It depends on the coordination number of network former, and whether the coexisting component takes the position of modifier or enters into the network. In the former case the type of glass formation range is represented by the point A or B, and in the latter case D or E on the triaxial diagrams shown in the text.ii) The limit comes from the condition of network formation. According to the condition of glass formation iv (see below), a limitting point may be given from the difference between the valency and the coordination number of network formers. It is the point C on the triaxial diagrams.iii) The limit of the number of modifier ions. The limit of the number of modifier ions which enter into the glass network is given by the radius of network formers. The relations are shown in Fig. 9.iv) The limit of the substitution of network formers for B3+ ion. Point X in the triaxial diagrams shows this limit. It is highly probable that this limit depends on the radius ratio of network formers and modifiers, although this point does not correspond to a deffinit type of glass structure. In the case of b-group ions, which can form a glass structure by themselves this point corresponds with the limit of the continuity of network. It is shown by the points P, Q, R, ....in the triaxial diagram.Although there are many exceptions and special cases it is the general trend that the mixed systems of similar components, such as mixed alkalies, enlarge the glass formation range.