Cultivable Microfungal Communities Inhabiting Biological Soil Crusts in the Tengger Desert, China
Cultivable Microfungal Communities Inhabiting Biological Soil Crusts in the Tengger Desert, China
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DOI：
10.1016/s1002-0160(15)30003-5
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Li Xin-Rong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grishka, Isabella;Jia Rong-Liang;Li Xin-Rong
生物土壤结皮是干旱生态系统的重要组成部分。研究了腾格里沙漠沙坡头研究站附近不同生物结皮类型微真菌群落的变化。采用土壤稀释板法分离得到66属134种。腾格里沙漠的真菌群与以色列内盖夫沙漠的真菌群相似，主要是含有黑色素的物种，具有大的多细胞孢子。这些干旱物种的丰度在空间上随干旱条件的增加而增加，从苔藓为主到蓝藻为主。微真菌分离株密度与叶绿素含量呈显著正相关，表明有机质含量和湿润时间对真菌生物量可能有显著影响。植被稳定后不同时期的地表微真菌群落的物种组成和分离密度变化不大，但随着地表年龄的增加，地表稳定后的地表微真菌群落的优势种和一些常见物种的丰度与自然地表微真菌群落的丰度存在显著差异。以及蓝藻和苔藓主导的地壳多样性特征的波动。腾格里沙漠土壤结皮真菌参数的变化明显与地形诱导的非生物条件的变化有关，而腾格里沙漠和内盖夫沙漠土壤结皮微真菌群落的差异，如腾格里沙漠结皮中耐热物种的丰度明显较高，则是由降水制度的主要差异引起的，与不同的雨季有关。冬天在内盖夫沙漠，夏天在腾格里沙漠。
Biological soil crusts are essential components of arid ecosystems. We examined the variations in microfungal communities inhabiting different biological crust types in the vicinity of the Shapotou Research Station in the Tengger Desert, China. A total of 134 species from 66 genera were isolated using the soil dilution plate method. The mycobiota of the crusts from the Tengger Desert, similar to that of the Negev Desert in Israel, was dominated by melanin-containing species with large multicellular spores. Abundance of these xeric species increased spatially with increasing xeric conditions from moss-dominated to cyanobacterial crusts. Density of microfungal isolates displayed the opposite trend and was positively correlated with chlorophyll content, indicating the possible significant influence of organic matter content and wetness duration on fungal biomass. Within a chronosequence of the localities of different periods after sand stabilization with revegetation, little variations were revealed in species composition and isolate density of the crust microfungal communities, while a tendency towards a decrease in the community diversity level with the crust age was noted Microfungal communities from stabilized localities differed from those of the natural localities in abundance of the dominant and some frequent species, and in the fluctuations of diversity characteristics between the cyanobacterial and moss-dominated crusts. The variations in mycobiotic parameters in the soil crusts of the Tengger Desert were apparently associated with the topographically induced variations in abiotic conditions, while the differences in microfungal community of soil crusts between the Tengger and Negev deserts, such as the significantly higher abundance of thermotolerant species in the crusts of the Tengger Deserts, were caused by the principal differences in their precipitation regimes, associated with different rainy seasons, winter and summer in the Negev and Tengger deserts, respectively.