Test beam performance measurements for the Phase I upgrade of the CMS pixel detector
Test beam performance measurements for the Phase I upgrade of the CMS pixel detector
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-0221/12/05/p05022
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
M. Dragicevic;M. Friedl;J. Hrubec;H. Steininger;A. Gädda;J. Härkönen;T. Lampén;P. Luukka;T. Peltola;E. Tuominen;E. Tuovinen;A. Winkler;P. Eerola;T. Tuuva;G. Baulieu;G. Boudoul;L. Caponetto;C. Combaret;D. Contardo;T. Dupasquier;G. Gallbit;N. Lumb;L. Mirabito;S. Perriès;M. Donckt;S. Viret;C. Bonnin;L. Charles;L. Gross;J. Hosselet;D. Tromson;L. Feld;W. Karpinski;K. Klein;M. Lipinski;G. Pierschel;M. Preuten;M. Rauch;M. Wlochal;M. Aldaya;C. Asawatangtrakuldee;K. Beernaert;D. Bertsche;C. Contreras-Campana;G. Eckerlin;D. Eckstein;T. Eichhorn;Ettore Gallo;J. García;K. Hansen;M. Haranko;A. Harb;J. Hauk;J. Keaveney;A. Kalogeropoulos;C. Kleinwort;W. Lohmann;R. Mankel;H. Maser;G. Mittag;C. Muhl;A. Mussgiller;D. Pitzl;O. Reichelt;M. Savitskyi;P. Schütze;V. Sola;S. Spannagel;R. Walsh;A. Zuber;H. Biskop;P. Buhmann;M. Centis-Vignali;E. Garutti;J. Haller;M. Hoffmann;R. Klanner;T. Lapsien;M. Matysek;A. Perieanu;C. Scharf;P. Schleper;A. Schmidt;J. Schwandt;J. Sonneveld;G. Steinbrück;B. Vormwald;J. Wellhausen;M. Abbas;C. Amstutz;T. Barvich;C. Barth;F. Boegelspacher;W. Boer;E. Butz;M. Casele;F. Colombo;A. Dierlamm;B. Freund;F. Hartmann;S. Heindl;U. Husemann;A. Kornmeyer;S. Kudella;T. Muller;H. Simonis;P. Steck;M. Weber;T. Weiler;T. Kiss;F. Siklér;T. Tölyhi;V. Veszpremi;P. Cariola;D. Creanza;M. Palma;G. Robertis;L. Fiore;M. Franco;F. Loddo;G. Sala;L. Silvestris;G. Maggi;S. My;G. Selvaggi;S. Albergo;G. Cappello;S. Costa;A. Mattia;F. Giordano;R. Potenza;M. A. Saizu;A. Tricomi;C. Tuvè;E. Focardi;M. Dinardo;S. Fiorendi;S. Gennai;S. Malvezzi;R. Manzoni;D. Menasce;L. Moroni;D. Pedrini;P. Azzi;N. Bacchetta;D. Bisello;M. Dall’Osso;N. Pozzobon;M. Tosi;L. Solestizi;M. Biasini;G. Bilei;C. Cecchi;B. Checcucci;D. Ciangottini;L. Fanò;C. Gentsos;M. Ionica;R. Leonardi;E. Manoni;G. Mantovani;S. Marconi;V. Mariani;M. Menichelli;A. Modak;A. Morozzi;F. Moscatelli;D. Passeri;P. Placidi;V. Postolache;A. Rossi;A. Saha;A. Santocchia;L. Storchi;D. Spiga;K. Androsov;P. Azzurri;G. Bagliesi;A. Basti;T. Boccali;L. Borrello;F. Bosi;R. Castaldi;M. Ceccanti;M. Ciocci;R. Dell'Orso;S. Donato;G. Fedi;A. Giassi;M. Grippo;F. Ligabue;G. Magazzú;P. Mammini;F. Mariani;E. Mazzoni;A. Messineo;A. Moggi;F. Morsani;F. Palla;F. Palmonari;A. Profeti;F. Raffaelli;A. Ragonesi;A. Rizzi;A. Soldani;P. Spagnolo;R. Tenchini;G. Tonelli;A. Venturi;P. Verdini;D. Abbaneo;I. Ahmed;E. Albert;G. Auzinger;G. Berruti;J. Bonnaud;J. Daguin;A. D'Auria;S. Détraz;O. Dondelewski;B. Engegaard;F. Faccio;N. Frank;K. Gill;A. Honma;A. Kornmayer;A. Labaza;F. Manolescu;I. Mcgill;S. Mersi;S. Michelis;A. Onnela;M. Ostrega;S. Pavis;A. Peisert;J. Pernot;P. Petagna;H. Postema;K. Rapacz;C. Sigaud;P. Tropea;J. Troska;A. Tsirou;F. Vasey;B. Verlaat;P. Vichoudis;L. Zwalinski;F. Bachmair;R. Becker;D. di Calafiori;B. Casal;P. Berger;L. Djambazov;M. Donega;C. Grab;D. Hits;J. Hoss;G. Kasieczka;W. Lustermann;B. Mangano;M. Marionneau;P. D. Arbol;M. Masciovecchio;M. Meinhard;L. Perozzi;U. Roeser;A. Starodumov;V. Tavolaro;R. Wallny;D. Zhu;C. Amsler;K. Bösiger;L. Caminada;F. Canelli;V. Chiochia;A. de Cosa;C. Galloni;T. Hreus;B. Kilminster;C. Lange;R. Maier;J. Ngadiuba;D. Pinna;P. Robmann;S. Taroni;Y. Yang;W. Bertl;K. Deiters;W. Erdmann;R. Horisberger;H. Kaestli;D. Kotlinski;U. Langenegger;B. Meier;T. Rohe;S. Streuli;P.H. Chen;C. Dietz;F. Fiori;U. Grundler;W. Hou;R. Lu;M. Moya;J. Tsai;Y. Tzeng;D. Cussans;J. Goldstein;M. Grimes;D. Newbold;P. Hobson;I. Reid;G. Auzinger;R. Bainbridge;P. Dauncey;G. Hall;T. James;A. Magnan;M. Pesaresi;D. M. Raymond;K. Uchida;T. Durkin;K. Harder;C. Shepherd-Themistocleous;M. Chertok;J. Conway;R. Conway;C. Flores;R. Lander;D. Pellett;F. Ricci-Tam;M. Squires;J. Thomson;R. Yohay;K. Burt;J. Ellison;G. Hanson;M. Olmedo;W. Si;B. Yates;A. Dominguez;R. Bartek;B. Bentele;J. Cumalat;W. T. Ford;F. Jensen;A. Johnson;M. Krohn;S. Leontsinis;T. Mulholland;K. Stenson;S. Wagner;A. Apresyan;G. Bolla;K. Burkett;J. Butler;A. Canepa;H. Cheung;D. Christian;W. Cooper;G. Deptuch;G. Derylo;C. Gingu;S. Grünendahl;S. Hasegawa;J. Hoff;J. Howell;M. Hrycyk;S. Jindariani;M. Johnson;F. Kahlid;S. Kwan;C. M. Lei;R. Lipton;R. D. Sa;T. Liu;S. Los;M. Matulik;P. Merkel;S. Nahn;A. Prosser;R. Rivera;B. Schneider;G. Sellberg;A. Shenai;K. Siehl;L. Spiegel;N. Tran;L. Uplegger;E. Voirin;D. Berry;Xi Chen;L. Ennesser;A. Evdokimov;C. Gerber;S. Makauda;C. Mills;I. Gonzalez;J. Alimena;L. Antonelli;B. Francis;A. Hart;C. Hill;N. Parashar;J. Stupak;D. Bortoletto;M. Bubna;N. Hinton;M. Jones;D. Miller;X. Shi;P. Baringer;A. Bean;S. Khalil;A. Kropivnitskaya;D. Majumder;E. Schmitz;G. Wilson;A. Ivanov;R. Mendis;T. Mitchell;N. Skhirtladze;R. Taylor;I. Anderson;D. Fehling;A. Gritsan;P. Maksimovic;C. Martin;K. Nash;M. Osherson;M. Swartz;M. Xiao;J. Acosta;L. Cremaldi;S. Oliveros;L. Perera;D. Summers;K. Bloom;D. Claes;C. Fangmeier;R. Suarez;J. Monroy;J. Siado;E. Bartz;Y. Gershtein;E. Halkiadakis;S. Kyriacou;A. Lath;K. Nash;M. Osherson;S. Schnetzer;R. Stone;M. Walker;S. Malik;S. Norberg;J. Vargas;M. Alyari;J. Dolen;A. Godshalk;C. Harrington;I. Iashvili;A. Kharchilava;D. Nguyen;A. Parker;S. Rappoccio;B. Roozbahani;J. Alexander;J. Chaves;J. Chu;S. Dittmer;K. Mcdermott;N. Mirman;A. Rinkevicius;A. Ryd;E. Salvati;L. Skinnari;L. Soffi;Z. Tao;J. Thom;J. Tucker;M. Zientek;B. Akgün;K. Ecklund;M. Kilpatrick;T. Nussbaum;J. Zabel;P. D’Angelo;W. Johns;K. Rose;S. Choudhury;I. Korol;C. Seitz;A. V. Vargas Trevino;G. Dolinska
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Dragicevic;M. Friedl;J. Hrubec;H. Steininger;A. Gädda;J. Härkönen;T. Lampén;P. Luukka;T. Peltola;E. Tuominen;E. Tuovinen;A. Winkler;P. Eerola;T. Tuuva;G. Baulieu;G. Boudoul;L. Caponetto;C. Combaret;D. Contardo;T. Dupasquier;G. Gallbit;N. Lumb;L. Mirabito;S. Perriès;M. Donckt;S. Viret;C. Bonnin;L. Charles;L. Gross;J. Hosselet;D. Tromson;L. Feld;W. Karpinski;K. Klein;M. Lipinski;G. Pierschel;M. Preuten;M. Rauch;M. Wlochal;M. Aldaya;C. Asawatangtrakuldee;K. Beernaert;D. Bertsche;C. Contreras-Campana;G. Eckerlin;D. Eckstein;T. Eichhorn;Ettore Gallo;J. García;K. Hansen;M. Haranko;A. Harb;J. Hauk;J. Keaveney;A. Kalogeropoulos;C. Kleinwort;W. Lohmann;R. Mankel;H. Maser;G. Mittag;C. Muhl;A. Mussgiller;D. Pitzl;O. Reichelt;M. Savitskyi;P. Schütze;V. Sola;S. Spannagel;R. Walsh;A. Zuber;H. Biskop;P. Buhmann;M. Centis-Vignali;E. Garutti;J. Haller;M. Hoffmann;R. Klanner;T. Lapsien;M. Matysek;A. Perieanu;C. Scharf;P. Schleper;A. Schmidt;J. Schwandt;J. Sonneveld;G. Steinbrück;B. Vormwald;J. Wellhausen;M. Abbas;C. Amstutz;T. Barvich;C. Barth;F. Boegelspacher;W. Boer;E. Butz;M. Casele;F. Colombo;A. Dierlamm;B. Freund;F. Hartmann;S. Heindl;U. Husemann;A. Kornmeyer;S. Kudella;T. Muller;H. Simonis;P. Steck;M. Weber;T. Weiler;T. Kiss;F. Siklér;T. Tölyhi;V. Veszpremi;P. Cariola;D. Creanza;M. Palma;G. Robertis;L. Fiore;M. Franco;F. Loddo;G. Sala;L. Silvestris;G. Maggi;S. My;G. Selvaggi;S. Albergo;G. Cappello;S. Costa;A. Mattia;F. Giordano;R. Potenza;M. A. Saizu;A. Tricomi;C. Tuvè;E. Focardi;M. Dinardo;S. Fiorendi;S. Gennai;S. Malvezzi;R. Manzoni;D. Menasce;L. Moroni;D. Pedrini;P. Azzi;N. Bacchetta;D. Bisello;M. Dall’Osso;N. Pozzobon;M. Tosi;L. Solestizi;M. Biasini;G. Bilei;C. Cecchi;B. Checcucci;D. Ciangottini;L. Fanò;C. Gentsos;M. Ionica;R. Leonardi;E. Manoni;G. Mantovani;S. Marconi;V. Mariani;M. Menichelli;A. Modak;A. Morozzi;F. Moscatelli;D. Passeri;P. Placidi;V. Postolache;A. Rossi;A. Saha;A. Santocchia;L. Storchi;D. Spiga;K. Androsov;P. Azzurri;G. Bagliesi;A. Basti;T. Boccali;L. Borrello;F. Bosi;R. Castaldi;M. Ceccanti;M. Ciocci;R. Dell'Orso;S. Donato;G. Fedi;A. Giassi;M. Grippo;F. Ligabue;G. Magazzú;P. Mammini;F. Mariani;E. Mazzoni;A. Messineo;A. Moggi;F. Morsani;F. Palla;F. Palmonari;A. Profeti;F. Raffaelli;A. Ragonesi;A. Rizzi;A. Soldani;P. Spagnolo;R. Tenchini;G. Tonelli;A. Venturi;P. Verdini;D. Abbaneo;I. Ahmed;E. Albert;G. Auzinger;G. Berruti;J. Bonnaud;J. Daguin;A. D'Auria;S. Détraz;O. Dondelewski;B. Engegaard;F. Faccio;N. Frank;K. Gill;A. Honma;A. Kornmayer;A. Labaza;F. Manolescu;I. Mcgill;S. Mersi;S. Michelis;A. Onnela;M. Ostrega;S. Pavis;A. Peisert;J. Pernot;P. Petagna;H. Postema;K. Rapacz;C. Sigaud;P. Tropea;J. Troska;A. Tsirou;F. Vasey;B. Verlaat;P. Vichoudis;L. Zwalinski;F. Bachmair;R. Becker;D. di Calafiori;B. Casal;P. Berger;L. Djambazov;M. Donega;C. Grab;D. Hits;J. Hoss;G. Kasieczka;W. Lustermann;B. Mangano;M. Marionneau;P. D. Arbol;M. Masciovecchio;M. Meinhard;L. Perozzi;U. Roeser;A. Starodumov;V. Tavolaro;R. Wallny;D. Zhu;C. Amsler;K. Bösiger;L. Caminada;F. Canelli;V. Chiochia;A. de Cosa;C. Galloni;T. Hreus;B. Kilminster;C. Lange;R. Maier;J. Ngadiuba;D. Pinna;P. Robmann;S. Taroni;Y. Yang;W. Bertl;K. Deiters;W. Erdmann;R. Horisberger;H. Kaestli;D. Kotlinski;U. Langenegger;B. Meier;T. Rohe;S. Streuli;P.H. Chen;C. Dietz;F. Fiori;U. Grundler;W. Hou;R. Lu;M. Moya;J. Tsai;Y. Tzeng;D. Cussans;J. Goldstein;M. Grimes;D. Newbold;P. Hobson;I. Reid;G. Auzinger;R. Bainbridge;P. Dauncey;G. Hall;T. James;A. Magnan;M. Pesaresi;D. M. Raymond;K. Uchida;T. Durkin;K. Harder;C. Shepherd-Themistocleous;M. Chertok;J. Conway;R. Conway;C. Flores;R. Lander;D. Pellett;F. Ricci-Tam;M. Squires;J. Thomson;R. Yohay;K. Burt;J. Ellison;G. Hanson;M. Olmedo;W. Si;B. Yates;A. Dominguez;R. Bartek;B. Bentele;J. Cumalat;W. T. Ford;F. Jensen;A. Johnson;M. Krohn;S. Leontsinis;T. Mulholland;K. Stenson;S. Wagner;A. Apresyan;G. Bolla;K. Burkett;J. Butler;A. Canepa;H. Cheung;D. Christian;W. Cooper;G. Deptuch;G. Derylo;C. Gingu;S. Grünendahl;S. Hasegawa;J. Hoff;J. Howell;M. Hrycyk;S. Jindariani;M. Johnson;F. Kahlid;S. Kwan;C. M. Lei;R. Lipton;R. D. Sa;T. Liu;S. Los;M. Matulik;P. Merkel;S. Nahn;A. Prosser;R. Rivera;B. Schneider;G. Sellberg;A. Shenai;K. Siehl;L. Spiegel;N. Tran;L. Uplegger;E. Voirin;D. Berry;Xi Chen;L. Ennesser;A. Evdokimov;C. Gerber;S. Makauda;C. Mills;I. Gonzalez;J. Alimena;L. Antonelli;B. Francis;A. Hart;C. Hill;N. Parashar;J. Stupak;D. Bortoletto;M. Bubna;N. Hinton;M. Jones;D. Miller;X. Shi;P. Baringer;A. Bean;S. Khalil;A. Kropivnitskaya;D. Majumder;E. Schmitz;G. Wilson;A. Ivanov;R. Mendis;T. Mitchell;N. Skhirtladze;R. Taylor;I. Anderson;D. Fehling;A. Gritsan;P. Maksimovic;C. Martin;K. Nash;M. Osherson;M. Swartz;M. Xiao;J. Acosta;L. Cremaldi;S. Oliveros;L. Perera;D. Summers;K. Bloom;D. Claes;C. Fangmeier;R. Suarez;J. Monroy;J. Siado;E. Bartz;Y. Gershtein;E. Halkiadakis;S. Kyriacou;A. Lath;K. Nash;M. Osherson;S. Schnetzer;R. Stone;M. Walker;S. Malik;S. Norberg;J. Vargas;M. Alyari;J. Dolen;A. Godshalk;C. Harrington;I. Iashvili;A. Kharchilava;D. Nguyen;A. Parker;S. Rappoccio;B. Roozbahani;J. Alexander;J. Chaves;J. Chu;S. Dittmer;K. Mcdermott;N. Mirman;A. Rinkevicius;A. Ryd;E. Salvati;L. Skinnari;L. Soffi;Z. Tao;J. Thom;J. Tucker;M. Zientek;B. Akgün;K. Ecklund;M. Kilpatrick;T. Nussbaum;J. Zabel;P. D’Angelo;W. Johns;K. Rose;S. Choudhury;I. Korol;C. Seitz;A. V. Vargas Trevino;G. Dolinska
为 CMS 实验建造了一个新的像素探测器，以应对大型强子对撞机第一阶段升级预期的瞬时光度。新的 CMS 像素探测器提供四次命中跟踪，同时减少材料预算以及新的冷却和供电方案。新的前端读出芯片减轻了缓冲和带宽限制，并允许在低比较器阈值下运行。本文提出了全面的测试光束研究，旨在验证设计并量化新型探测器组件在跟踪效率和空间分辨率方面的性能。在最佳条件下，跟踪效率为 99.95 ± 0.05%，而沿 100 μm 和 150 μm 像素间距的固有空间分辨率分别为 4.80 ± 0.25 μm 和 7.99 ± 0.21 μm。将这些结果与像素检测器的详细蒙特卡罗模拟进行比较，结果非常一致。
A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase I Upgrade of the LHC . The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is 99.95 ± 0.05%, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are 4.80 ± 0.25 μm and 7.99 ± 0.21 μm along the 100 μm and 150 μm pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found.