Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza Virus on Human Skin: Importance of Hand Hygiene in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Survival of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza Virus on Human Skin: Importance of Hand Hygiene in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciaa1517
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发表时间：
2021-12-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Nakaya, Takaaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirose, Ryohei;Ikegaya, Hiroshi;Nakaya, Takaaki
背景资料。考虑到病毒对人类的危害，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)在人体皮肤上的稳定性尚不清楚。我们建立了一个模型，可以安全地复制关于病原体在人体皮肤上应用的临床研究，并阐明SARS-CoV-2在人体皮肤上的稳定性。评价了SARS-CoV-2和甲型流感病毒(IAV)与培养液或上呼吸道粘液混合后在人体皮肤表面的稳定性，以及80%(重量/重量)乙醇对SARS-CoV-2和IAV的皮肤消毒效果。SARS-CoV-2和IAV在皮肤表面的灭活速度快于其他表面(不锈钢/玻璃/塑料)；SARS-CoV-2的存活时间显著长于IAV(9.04小时[95%可信区间，7.96-10.2小时]对1.82小时[1.65-2.00小时])。其他表面的IAV在粘液中灭活的速度比在培养基中快，而SARS-CoV-2在粘液和培养基中的稳定性相似；SARS-CoV-2的存活时间显著长于IAV(11.09小时[10.22-12.00小时]对1.69小时[1.57-1.81小时])。此外，乙醇处理可在15秒内完全灭活人体皮肤粘液/培养液中的SARS-CoV-2和IAV。与IAV相比，SARS-CoV-2在人体皮肤上存活9小时可能会增加接触传播的风险，从而加速大流行。适当的手部卫生对防止SARS-CoV-2感染的传播非常重要。
Background. The stability of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on human skin remains unknown, considering the hazards of viral exposure to humans. We generated a model that allows the safe reproduction of clinical studies on the application of pathogens to human skin and elucidated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on human skin.Methods. We evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV), mixed with culture medium or upper respiratory mucus, on human skin surfaces and the dermal disinfection effectiveness of 80% (weight/weight) ethanol against SARS-CoV-2 and IAV.Results. SARS-CoV-2 and IAV were inactivated more rapidly on skin surfaces than on other surfaces (stainless steel/glass/plastic); the survival time was significantly longer for SARS-CoV-2 than for IAV (9.04 hours [95% confidence interval, 7.96-10.2 hours] vs 1.82 hours [1.65-2.00 hours]). IAV on other surfaces was inactivated faster in mucus versus medium conditions, while SARS-CoV-2 showed similar stability in the mucus and medium; the survival time was significantly longer for SARS-CoV-2 than for IAV (11.09 hours [10.22-12.00 hours] vs 1.69 hours [1.57-1.81 hours]). Moreover, both SARS-CoV-2 and IAV in the mucus/medium on human skin were completely inactivated within 15 seconds by ethanol treatment.Conclusions. The 9-hour survival of SARS-CoV-2 on human skin may increase the risk of contact transmission in comparison with IAV, thus accelerating the pandemic. Proper hand hygiene is important to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections.