A Biomechanical Comparison of Successful and Unsuccessful Snatch Attempts among Elite Male Weightlifters
A Biomechanical Comparison of Successful and Unsuccessful Snatch Attempts among Elite Male Weightlifters
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DOI：
10.3390/sports7060151
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Muto, Masato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nagao, Hideyuki;Kubo, Yasuyuki;Muto, Masato
目前还没有确定抢夺成功的因素。确定优秀举重运动员抓举成功因素，有助于提高抓举成绩。本研究旨在探讨优秀男子举重运动员以杠铃轨迹为基础的抓举成功因素。数据收集于2017年世界和青少年世界举重锦标赛。我们对61名举重运动员成功和不成功的抓举尝试的杠铃轨迹进行了数字化，计算了杠铃的运动学和动力学参数。杠铃最大高度（Dy 1）在成功和失败的托举之间无显著差异。在第二拉阶段中，成功举的杠铃向后位移到接球位置（DxL）的量显著大于不成功举的杠铃向后位移到接球位置（DxL）的量（成功：0.11 +/- 0.05 m;不成功：0.10 +/- 0.06 m; p < 0.01; d = 0.278）。成功举的杠铃在抓水阶段的下落距离（Dy 3）显著小于不成功举的杠铃下落距离（成功：0.17 +/- 0.04 m;不成功：0.18 +/- 0.04 m; p < 0.001，d = 0.361）。这些结果表明DxL和Dy 3是导致成功抓举的因素，而不是Dy 1。抓举时杠铃和举重运动员在抓举位置上的矢状轴相对位置，以及在杠铃动量较低时抓住杠铃，对抓举的成功是很重要的。
The success factor of the snatch has not been identified. Determining the success factors of the snatch among elite weightlifters might help to attain a successful snatch. This study aimed at clarifying the factors that lead to a successful snatch based on barbell trajectory among elite male weightlifters. Data were collected at the 2017 World and Junior World Weightlifting Championships. We digitized the barbell trajectory of the successful and unsuccessful snatch attempts of 61 lifters-an unsuccessful lift would be as a result of a frontward barbell drop-and calculated the kinematic and kinetic parameters of the barbell. No significant difference was found in the barbell maximum height (Dy1) between the successful and unsuccessful lifts. The amount of backward displacement of the barbell in the second pull phase to the catch position (DxL) of the successful lift was significantly larger than that of the unsuccessful lift (successful: 0.11 +/- 0.05 m; unsuccessful: 0.10 +/- 0.06 m; p < 0.01; d = 0.278). The barbell drop distance in the catch phase (Dy3) of the successful lift was significantly smaller than that in the unsuccessful lift (successful: 0.17 +/- 0.04 m; unsuccessful: 0.18 +/- 0.04 m; p < 0.001, d = 0.361). These results suggest that DxL and Dy3 are factors leading to a successful snatch lift, but not Dy1. The relative position in the sagittal axis of the barbell and the lifter in the catch position, and catching the barbell when its momentum was low, are important in order to achieve a successful snatch.