Differences in the physical growth of US-born black and white children and adolescents ages 2-19, born 1942-2002
Differences in the physical growth of US-born black and white children and adolescents ages 2-19, born 1942-2002
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/03014460701747176
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Breitfelder, Ariane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Komlos, John;Breitfelder, Ariane
目的：本研究估计 1942 年至 2002 年出生的美国非西班牙裔黑人和白人儿童和青少年的趋势和年龄身高特征差异。 对象和方法：使用按种族和性别分层的 NHES 和 NHANES 数据集。使用非线性回归模型将年龄别身高 z 值 (HAZ) 的差异分解为年龄效应和长期趋势效应。结果：黑人的生长速度快于白人。在 3 至 11 岁之间，黑人女孩比白人女孩高 0.3 西格玛以上。9 岁时，身高约为 2.7 厘米。白人男孩在 14 岁时赶上黑人男孩，白人女孩在 15 岁时赶上黑人男孩，此后身高更高。 19 岁时，白人仅略高：男孩高 0.12 西格玛（0.8 厘米），女孩高 0.03 西格玛（0.2 厘米）。长期趋势差异的累积效应是相当可观的。在 20 世纪 50 年代中期到新世纪初的出生群体中，黑人的 HAZ 值相对于白人的 HAZ 值增加了约 0.17 sigma（女孩）和 0.23 sigma（男孩）。 结论：黑人在童年时期的线性生长速度较快，部分原因在于他们的营养习惯，尤其是女孩的 BMI 值往往较高，部分原因可能是遗传差异。
Aim: The present study estimates differences in the trend and in die age-by-height profiles of US-born non-Hispanic black and white children and adolescents born 1942-2002.Subjects and methods: The combined NHES and NHANES data sets stratified by ethnicity and gender were used. The differences in height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) were decomposed into an age effect and a secular trend effect using a non-linear regression model.Results: The tempo of growth among blacks is faster than among whites. Black girls are more than 0.3 sigma taller than white girls between the ages of 3 and 11. At age 9 this amounts to some 2.7 cm. White boys catch up to black boys at age 14 and white girls catch up at age 15 and are taller thereafter. At age 19 whites are only slightly taller: By 0.12 sigma (0.8 cm) for boys and 0.03 sigma (0.2 cm) among girls. The cumulative effect of the differences in the secular trend is considerable. Between the birth cohorts of the mid-1950s and the beginning of the new century blacks gained some 0.17 sigma (girls) and 0.23 sigma (boys) relative to white HAZ values.Conclusion: Blacks have a faster tempo of linear growth in childhood partly on account of their nutritional habits, as girls in particular tend to have higher BMI values, and partly probably because of genetic differences.