The Autoimmune Ecology.
The Autoimmune Ecology.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2016.00139
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Rojas-Villarraga A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anaya JM;Ramirez-Santana C;Alzate MA;Molano-Gonzalez N;Rojas-Villarraga A
自身免疫性疾病(ADS)是一组影响特定靶器官或多器官系统的异质性疾病。这些疾病具有共同的免疫致病机制(即自身免疫重复性)，这解释了它们之间的临床相似性以及它们的家族聚集性(即共同聚集)。作为自身免疫同义反复的一部分，环境暴露对ADS发病风险的影响是至关重要的(即自身免疫生态学)。事实上，塑造免疫系统的不只是遗传因素，还有环境因素。自身免疫生态学类似于暴露组，即生命周期内所有的暴露--内部和外部--与遗传因素(包括遗传学和表观遗传学)相互作用，以有利于或防止自身免疫及其结果。在这里，我们提供了自身免疫生态学的概述，主要集中在对环境因素的免疫反应，特别是微生物区系、吸烟、酒精和咖啡消费、社会经济地位(SES)、性别和性激素、维生素D、有机溶剂和疫苗。将自身免疫生态学纳入疾病病因学和健康学将改善目前个性化医学的构思和应用方式。
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders that affect specific target organs or multiple organ systems. These conditions share common immunopathogenic mechanisms (i.e., the autoimmune tautology), which explain the clinical similarities they have among them as well as their familial clustering (i.e., coaggregation). As part of the autoimmune tautology, the influence of environmental exposure on the risk of developing ADs is paramount (i.e., the autoimmune ecology). In fact, environment, more than genetics, shapes immune system. Autoimmune ecology is akin to exposome, that is all the exposures – internal and external – across the lifespan, interacting with hereditary factors (both genetics and epigenetics) to favor or protect against autoimmunity and its outcomes. Herein, we provide an overview of the autoimmune ecology, focusing on the immune response to environmental agents in general, and microbiota, cigarette smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, socioeconomic status (SES), gender and sex hormones, vitamin D, organic solvents, and vaccines in particular. Inclusion of the autoimmune ecology in disease etiology and health will improve the way personalized medicine is currently conceived and applied.