Non-state governance and climate policy: the fossil fuel divestment movement
Non-state governance and climate policy: the fossil fuel divestment movement
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DOI：
10.1080/14693062.2015.1094729
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Gunningham, Neil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayling, Julie;Gunningham, Neil
本文描绘了撤资运动的演变，这是一个跨国倡导网络，使用一系列策略来羞辱、施压、促进和鼓励广大投资者，特别是大型机构投资者，放弃持有的化石燃料股票，转而支持气候友好型替代品。它描述了该运动的核心特征及其采用的策略，描绘了其基本架构及其在更广泛的气候变化制度综合体中发挥的潜在作用，并展示了它如何代表一种以私人投资者为目标的气候变化治理的新形式，主要通过象征性的政治行动并作为规范企业家进行运作。鉴于该运动的潜在重要性、它可能为其他形式的私人治理提供的模型，以及对其对减缓气候变化影响的分析的缺乏，本文解决了气候政策文献中一个重要的描述性和分析性空白。政策相关性撤资运动的早期成功和快速增长表明它可能在更广泛的气候变化政策领域发挥重要作用。本文展示了该运动如何利用科学事实和道德论证的聚合、包装和传播，以及本地和国际运动、直接行动、游说和知识建构来引导投资者的行动。更广泛地说，它展示了如何利用羞辱、说服和赋权作为战略来带来经济和政治变革，并催化能源革命，许多人认为这是有效缓解气候变化的本质。在此过程中，本文指出了如何通过新颖的私人治理形式来推进气候政策，以及（因此其支持者认为）通过非常规手段和利用私营部门可以取得比政府在大约二十年来通过传统手段管理的更多的成果。
This article charts the evolution of the divestment movement, a transnational advocacy network that uses a range of strategies to shame, pressure, facilitate, and encourage investors in general, and large institutional investors in particular, to relinquish their holdings of fossil fuel stocks in favour of climate-friendly alternatives. It describes the movement's central characteristics and the strategies it employs, it maps its basic architecture and the potential role it plays in the broader climate change regime complex, and shows how it represents a novel form of private investor-targeted climate change governance, operating primarily through symbolic political action and as a norm entrepreneur. Given the potential importance of the movement, the model it may provide for other forms of private governance, and the paucity of analysis of its implications for climate change mitigation, this article addresses an important descriptive and analytical gap in the climate policy literature.Policy relevanceThe early success and rapid growth of the divestment movement suggests it may play a significant role within the broader sphere of climate change policy. This article shows how the movement has used the aggregation, packaging, and dissemination of scientific fact and moral argument, and local and international campaigning, direct action, lobbying, and knowledge construction to steer the actions of investors. More broadly it demonstrates how shaming, persuasion, and empowerment can be used as strategies to bring about economic and political change and to catalyse the energy revolution' that many see as the essence of effective climate change mitigation. In so doing, the article indicates how climate policy can be advanced by novel forms of private governance, and (so its proponents would argue) how more might be achieved by unconventional means and leveraging the private sector than governments have managed by conventional means in some two decades.