The links between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and European weather regimes

The links between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and European weather regimes
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马登-朱利安振荡与欧洲天气状况之间的联系

DOI:
10.1007/s00704-020-03223-2
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Lee J
Lee J
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee J

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熟练的次季节时间尺度天气预报对于使用户做出具有成本效益的决策非常重要。预测技能可以通过对相关区域的大气流动模式(通常称为天气状况)的预测来调节。在这里,我们展示了如何通过马登-朱利安涛动 (MJO) 的温带遥相关来调节 Grosswetterlagen (GWL)(一组 29 种欧洲天气状况)。这些 GWL 状况共同代表了在四个北大西洋-欧洲经典天气状况 (NAE-CWR) 中观察到的大尺度流量特征,同时单独捕获了天气尺度流量细节。通过将每个 GWL 状态与最近的 NAE-CWR 进行匹配,我们揭示了在 NAE-CWR 之间的过渡阶段发生的 GWL 状态,并显示了在确定 GWL 状态与 MJO 的遥相关模式时捕获 GWL 状态的附加天气细节的重要性。某些 GWL 状态的发生概率在某些 MJO 阶段后 10-15 天发生显着变化,表现出类似于其 NAE-CWR 匹配的遥相关模式,但在较少的连续 MJO 阶段中通常具有较大的发生异常。这些发生概率的变化可能与 MJO 引起的持续概率和转移概率的变化有关。其他 GWL 制度并未受到 MJO 的显着影响。这些发现证明了 MJO 如何修改 NAE 大气流的首选演化,这对于次季节天气预报非常重要。
Skillful weather forecasting on sub-seasonal timescales is important to enable users to make cost-effective decisions. Forecast skill can be expected to be mediated by the prediction of atmospheric flow patterns, often known as weather regimes, over the relevant region. Here, we show how the Grosswetterlagen (GWL), a set of 29 European weather regimes, can be modulated by the extra-tropical teleconnection from the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Together, these GWL regimes represent the large-scale flow characteristics observed in the four North Atlantic-European classical weather regimes (NAE-CWRs), while individually capturing synoptic scale flow details. By matching each GWL regime to the nearest NAE-CWR, we reveal GWL regimes which occur during the transition stages between the NAE-CWRs and show the importance of capturing the added synoptic detail of GWL regimes when determining their teleconnection pattern from the MJO. The occurrence probabilities of certain GWL regimes are significantly changed 10–15 days after certain MJO phases, exhibiting teleconnection patterns similar to their NAE-CWR matches but often with larger occurrence anomalies, over fewer consecutive MJO phases. These changes in occurrence probabilities are likely related to MJO-induced changes in the persistence and transition probabilities. Other GWL regimes are not significantly influenced by the MJO. These findings demonstrate how the MJO can modify the preferred evolution of the NAE atmospheric flow, which is important for sub-seasonal weather forecasting.
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