Development of species‐specific multiplex real‐time PCR assays for tracing the small pelagic fishes of North Pacific with environmental DNA
Development of species‐specific multiplex real‐time PCR assays for tracing the small pelagic fishes of North Pacific with environmental DNA
复制标题
开发物种特异性多重实时 PCR 检测方法，利用环境 DNA 追踪北太平洋小型中上层鱼类
DOI：
10.1002/edn3.275
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hyodo Susumu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wong Marty Kwok‐Shing;Nobata Shigenori;Ito Shin‐ichi;Hyodo Susumu
环境DNA （Environmental DNA, eDNA）已成为研究环境中生物存在的一种流行的非侵入性方法。为了研究传统捕获方法难以追踪的小型远洋鱼类的生态行为和迁徙路线，我们建立了多重实时PCR检测方法，测量了鲐鱼、蓝鲭鱼、日本杰克鲭鱼、日本凤尾鱼、日本沙丁鱼和太平洋刀鱼的eDNA。为了测试其有效性，研究人员分析了2018年至2019年期间从日本东北部渔民渔网附近水域收集的eDNA样本。暖气候物种包括蓝鲭鱼、杰克鲭鱼和凤尾鱼在秋季显著，而寒冷气候物种如鲐鱼和沙丁鱼在冬季丰富。太平洋刀鱼是一种近海物种，在沿海设网区未发现。eDNA数据与渔业捕捞记录部分相关，表明eDNA数量与鱼类种群的生物量有关，我们的PCR分析可以量化小型远洋鱼类种群留下的生物痕迹。在鲐鱼和蓝鲭鱼之间观察到不同的eDNA发生模式，表明多重检测的特异性适用于现场样品，分别测量两种密切相关物种的存在。这些方法对北太平洋开阔水域采集的eDNA样本进行评价，有助于阐明小型远洋鱼类的生命周期和可持续性监测，这些鱼类不仅是重要的食物来源，而且在日本饮食文化中发挥着重要作用。
Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a popular non‐invasive method to study the presence of organisms in the environment. To study the ecological behavior and migration routes of small pelagic fishes that are difficult to trace with traditional capturing methods, we developed multiplex real‐time PCR assays to measure the eDNA of chub mackerel, blue mackerel, Japanese jack mackerel, Japanese anchovy, Japanese sardine, and Pacific saury. To test the validity, eDNA samples collected from the water near fisherman set nets in Northeast Japan between 2018 and 2019 were analyzed. Warm‐climate species including blue mackerel, jack mackerel, and anchovy were prominent in autumn, while cold‐climate species such as chub mackerel and sardine were richly present in winter. Pacific saury is an off‐coast species and was not detected in the coastal set net area. The eDNA data were partially correlated to the fishery catch records, suggesting that the eDNA quantities are relevant to the biomass of the fish schools, and our PCR assays can quantify the biological traces left by the small pelagic fish schools. Different patterns of eDNA occurrence were observed between the chub and blue mackerels, indicating that the specificity of the multiplex assay is applicable to field samples to measure the presence of the two closely related species separately. The methods are useful to evaluate the eDNA samples collected from the open water in the North Pacific to elucidate the life cycles and monitor the sustainability of the small pelagic fishes, which not only are important food sources, but also carry a role in the Japanese food culture.