Sex/gender differences in cardiovascular disease prevention: what a difference a decade makes.
Sex/gender differences in cardiovascular disease prevention: what a difference a decade makes.
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DOI：
10.1161/circulationaha.110.968792
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发表时间：
2011-11-08
期刊：
影响因子：
37.8
通讯作者：
Wenger NK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mosca L;Barrett-Connor E;Wenger NK
在过去的十年中，科学家、医疗保健提供者、公众和政策制定者做出了巨大努力，以提高对心血管疾病 (CVD)† 中性别/性别*差异的了解，并认识到心脏病对女性的重要性。表 1 列出了联邦和美国心脏协会 (AHA) 为提高认识并减少研究和临床护理方面的性别差异而采取的举措。从 1997 年 AHA 发起首次针对女性的运动到 2009 年，人们对心脏病作为女性主要死亡原因的认识率几乎翻了一番。同一时期，CVD 导致的死亡率下降了近一半。缩小研究差距和提高女性心脏病意识的努力与降低心血管疾病死亡率或改善女性临床结果有多大程度的因果关系尚不清楚。本文的目的是评估当代 CVD 负担的性别差异，评估近期临床试验对预防女性 CVD 建议的影响，并研究可能促进或阻碍女性高质量 CVD 预防护理的因素。还提供了未来女性 CVD 临床试验的设计和分析建议。
Over the past decade, scientists, healthcare providers, the public, and policy makers have made substantial efforts to improve understanding of the sex/gender* differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD)† and to recognize the importance of heart disease in women. Federal and American Heart Association (AHA) initiatives to raise awareness and to reduce gender disparities in research and clinical care are listed in Table 1. There was a near doubling of the rate of awareness of heart disease as the leading cause of death in women between 1997, when the AHA launched its first campaign for women, and 2009; during that same period, the death rate resulting from CVD decreased by nearly half. The extent to which efforts to close research gaps and to heighten awareness of heart disease in women are causally linked to lower CVD mortality or have resulted in improved clinical outcomes for women is not established. The purposes of this article are to evaluate contemporary sex/gender differences in the burden of CVD, to assess the impact of recent clinical trials on recommendations for the prevention of CVD in women, and to examine factors that may facilitate or impede quality CVD preventive care in women. Recommendations for the design and analyses of future CVD clinical trials in women are also provided.