Camaroptera: A Long-range Image Sensor with Local Inference for Remote Sensing Applications
Camaroptera: A Long-range Image Sensor with Local Inference for Remote Sensing Applications
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DOI：
10.1145/3510850
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发表时间：
2022-02
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通讯作者：
Harshali Desai;M. Nardello;D. Brunelli;Brandon Lucia
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作者：
Harshali Desai;M. Nardello;D. Brunelli;Brandon Lucia
无电池图像传感器为长寿命、长距离的传感器部署提供了机会，这些传感器无需维护且成本低。这种部署对于实现遥感应用至关重要，例如，对国家高速公路进行仪表化，其中各个设备被部署在远离支持基础设施的地方（公里）。在这项工作中，我们开发和表征Camaroptera，第一个无电池图像传感平台，将联合收割机能量收集与主动远程（LoRa）通信相结合。我们还为Camaroptera配备了基于机器学习的处理管道，以减少图像数据的昂贵的长距离通信。该处理管道过滤掉不感兴趣的图像，并且仅将感兴趣的图像传输到应用。我们表明，与运行传统的感测和发送工作负载相比，Camaroptera的本地推理管道捕获并向应用程序发送多达12倍的感兴趣图像。通过执行本地推理，Camaroptera还发送了多达6.5倍的不感兴趣的图像，而不是使用这些能量来捕获多达14.7倍的新图像，从而提高了其感知效率和可用性。我们在一个紧凑的2 cm \（\times \）3 cm \（\times \）5 cm体积中完全原型化Camaroptera硬件平台。我们的评估证明了小型无电池远程视觉传感平台的可行性，该平台可以收集和有效处理所获取的数据，并将其远距离传输，同时部署数十年，零维护。
Batteryless image sensors present an opportunity for long-life, long-range sensor deployments that require zero maintenance, and have low cost. Such deployments are critical for enabling remote sensing applications, e.g., instrumenting national highways, where individual devices are deployed far (kms away) from supporting infrastructure. In this work, we develop and characterize Camaroptera, the first batteryless image-sensing platform to combine energy-harvesting with active, long-range (LoRa) communication. We also equip Camaroptera with a Machine Learning-based processing pipeline to mitigate costly, long-distance communication of image data. This processing pipeline filters out uninteresting images and only transmits the images interesting to the application. We show that compared to running a traditional Sense-and-Send workload, Camaroptera’s Local Inference pipeline captures and sends upto \( 12\times \) more images of interest to an application. By performing Local Inference, Camaroptera also sends upto \( 6.5\times \) fewer uninteresting images, instead using that energy to capture upto \( 14.7\times \) more new images, increasing its sensing effectiveness and availability. We fully prototype the Camaroptera hardware platform in a compact, 2 cm \( \times \) 3 cm \( \times \) 5 cm volume. Our evaluation demonstrates the viability of a batteryless, remote, visual-sensing platform in a small package that collects and usefully processes acquired data and transmits it over long distances (kms), while being deployed for multiple decades with zero maintenance.