DEPENDENCE OF VISUAL NUMEROSITY LIMIT ON ORIENTATION, COLOR, AND GROUPING IN STIMULUS
DEPENDENCE OF VISUAL NUMEROSITY LIMIT ON ORIENTATION, COLOR, AND GROUPING IN STIMULUS
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DOI：
10.1068/p050335
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发表时间：
1976-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
CAMPBELL, FW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ATKINSON, J;FRANCIS, MR;CAMPBELL, FW
对视动镜下呈现的点阵列进行视觉数量判断。阵列内的排列要么是线性的，要么是这样的，点可以很容易地在感知上细分为两组。细分是根据方向差异、颜色差异或阵列中心的间距差异。对于阵列的两个“臂”之间的方向差异很大（90°），或较大的中心空间（点间距的三倍），最多可准确感知8个点。这个数值限制是等效线性数组的两倍，没有分组。虽然就准确性而言，在这些条件下，每个数组中的两组似乎可以独立计数，但在响应时间方面没有独立处理的证据。从一个辅助实验的结果来看，子分组条件下的缓慢响应时间似乎是由于计数以外的过程的必要性（如对称判断）。对于在色差方面进行分组的阵列，或者在大约45°和90°之间的方向差异，或者是两倍于点间间隔的小中心空间，与等效线性阵列相比，精度有所提高，但没有证据表明独立处理，在每个子组中最多为4。根据这些初步结果，提出了关于“数”单位及其性质的初步建议。
Visual numerosity judgements were made for tachistoscopically presented arrays of dots. The arrangement within the arrays was either linear or such that dots could be easily perceptually subdivided into two groups. Subdivision was either in terms of an orientation difference, a colour difference, or a spacing difference in the centre of the array. For a large difference in orientation between the two ‘arms’ of the array (90°), or a large central space (three times the interdot interval) up to 8 dots were accurately perceived. This numerosity limit was twice that found for equivalent linear arrays, with no grouping. Although in terms of accuracy it seems that in these conditions the two groups within each array can be counted independently, there is no evidence for independent processing in terms of response times. From the results of a subsidiary experiment it seems likely that the slow response times in the subgrouping conditions are due to the necessity of processes other than counting (such as judgements of symmetry). For arrays where subgrouping was in terms of a colour difference, or an orientation difference of between approximately 45° and 90°, or a small central space of twice the interdot interval, there was an improvement in accuracy compared to equivalent linear arrays, but no evidence of independent processing, up to a limit of 4, in each of the subgroups. From these preliminary results, tentative proposals concerning ‘numerosity’ units and their properties are made.