Global patterns of diversity and community structure in marine bacterioplankton
Global patterns of diversity and community structure in marine bacterioplankton
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.03189.x
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Hagstrom, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pommier, T.;Canback, B.;Hagstrom, A.
由于它们体积小，数量多，易于分散，人们通常认为海洋浮游微生物无处不在，阻止了任何结构化的组装进入当地社区。为了挑战这一观点，海洋浮游细菌群落从沿海沃茨分布在世界各地的9个地点进行了检查，通过使用16 S核糖体RNA基因的综合克隆库，作为操作分类单位（OTU）。我们的调查和分析表明，不同地点的OTU的组成和丰富度存在显着差异。值得注意的是，全球海洋浮游细菌群落表现出高度的特有性，相反，包括一些世界性的OTU。我们的数据是一致的纬度梯度OTU丰富。我们观察到相对OTU丰度与其职业范围之间存在正相关关系，即世界主义者的人口规模最大。虽然OTU丰富度不同的位置，在社区中代表的主要分类群体的分布是类似的，所有当地社区的结构相似，并占主导地位的几个OTU显示变量的分类隶属关系。观察到的OTU丰富度的模式表明，类似的进化和生态过程结构的社区。我们的结论是海洋浮游细菌共享许多宏观生物的地理和宏观生态特征。这些模式背后的一般过程很可能在生物分类群和主要全球生物群落之间具有可比性。
Because of their small size, great abundance and easy dispersal, it is often assumed that marine planktonic microorganisms have a ubiquitous distribution that prevents any structured assembly into local communities. To challenge this view, marine bacterioplankton communities from coastal waters at nine locations distributed world-wide were examined through the use of comprehensive clone libraries of 16S ribosomal RNA genes, used as operational taxonomic units (OTU). Our survey and analyses show that there were marked differences in the composition and richness of OTUs between locations. Remarkably, the global marine bacterioplankton community showed a high degree of endemism, and conversely included few cosmopolitan OTUs. Our data were consistent with a latitudinal gradient of OTU richness. We observed a positive relationship between the relative OTU abundances and their range of occupation, i.e. cosmopolitans had the largest population sizes. Although OTU richness differed among locations, the distributions of the major taxonomic groups represented in the communities were analogous, and all local communities were similarly structured and dominated by a few OTUs showing variable taxonomic affiliations. The observed patterns of OTU richness indicate that similar evolutionary and ecological processes structured the communities. We conclude that marine bacterioplankton share many of the biogeographical and macroecological features of macroscopic organisms. The general processes behind those patterns are likely to be comparable across taxa and major global biomes.