Oligarchy and Democracy in Post-Suharto Indonesia
Oligarchy and Democracy in Post-Suharto Indonesia
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后苏哈托时期印度尼西亚的寡头政治与民主
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yuki Fukuoka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuki Fukuoka
本文对印尼寡头政治的文献进行了系统的回顾，对印尼的政治变迁做出了独特的解释。这篇文章认为，这部文学在两个重要方面具有重要意义。首先，它引发了对威权政权垮台方式的持续反思。在民主化的主流文献中，威权政权的垮台经常被描绘成亲民主的公民社会动员的胜利。尽管许多印尼主义者在解释苏哈托政权垮台时接受了这一主流说法，但寡头政治文献表明，推动苏哈托政权垮台的与其说是公民社会力量的崛起，不如说是苏哈托与寡头之间的紧张关系，前者被后者抛弃了。其次，寡头政治文献也迫使人们重新评估印尼新民主的性质。与对民主化的主流描述持乐观态度的民主不同，寡头政治文献将印尼的政治转型视为通向非自由型民主的旅程：即寡头民主。
This article presents a systematic review of the literature of oligarchy in Indonesia, which offers a distinctive interpretation of political change in Indonesia. The article argues that this literature is significant in two important ways. First, it invites ongoing rethinking of the ways in which authoritarian regimes fall. In the mainstream literature of democratisation, the fall of authoritarian regimes is often portrayed as the triumph of pro-democratic civil society mobilisation. Whereas many Indonesianists embrace this mainstream account in explaining the fall of the Suharto regime, the oligarchy literature suggests that its fall was driven not so much by the rise of civil society forces as by tensions between Suharto and oligarchs, in which the former was abandoned by the latter. Second, the oligarchy literature also compels a reappraisal of the nature of Indonesia's new democracy. Unlike the mainstream account of democratisation, which holds an optimistic view that the country is in the ‘consolidation’ stage towards a liberal democracy, the oligarchy literature sees political transition in Indonesia as a journey to an illiberal type of democracy: namely, oligarchical democracy.