Evolutionary insights into plant breeding
Evolutionary insights into plant breeding
复制标题
植物育种的进化见解
DOI：
10.1016/j.pbi.2020.03.003
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Pires, J Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turner-Hissong, Sarah D;Mabry, Makenzie E;Beissinger, Timothy M;Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey;Pires, J Chris
亮点种群遗传学可以为育种策略提供信息，以增加遗传收益。具有选择性扫描的基因组区域是引入多样性的有希望的目标。人口学决定遗传结构和有害负载。缺失的等位基因可以通过选择清除，也可以通过杂交掩盖。基因编辑使快速、精确的导入和重新驯化成为可能。正如最近的大量综述所表明的那样，作物驯化是一个迷人的研究领域。随着基因组和表观资源在许多作物物种中的日益丰富，进化生物学的见解将使人们能够更深入地了解复杂性状的遗传结构和短期进化，这可以用来指导选择策略。作物改良的未来进展将依赖于群体遗传学与植物育种方法的结合，以及社区资源的开发，以支持对各种作物生活史和繁殖策略的研究。我们重点介绍了与选择性扫描和人口历史在塑造遗传结构中的作用有关的最新进展，这些突破如何为选择策略提供信息，以及应用精确基因编辑来利用这些联系。
HighlightsPopulation genetics can inform breeding strategies to increase genetic gain.Genomic regions with selective sweeps are promising targets to introgress diversity.Demography determines genetic architecture and deleterious load.Deleterious alleles can either be purged via selection or masked via hybridization.Gene editing enables rapid, precise introgression and de novo domestication.Crop domestication is a fascinating area of study, as shown by a multitude of recent reviews. Coupled with the increasing availability of genomic and phenomic resources in numerous crop species, insights from evolutionary biology will enable a deeper understanding of the genetic architecture and short-term evolution of complex traits, which can be used to inform selection strategies. Future advances in crop improvement will rely on the integration of population genetics with plant breeding methodology, and the development of community resources to support research in a variety of crop life histories and reproductive strategies. We highlight recent advances related to the role of selective sweeps and demographic history in shaping genetic architecture, how these breakthroughs can inform selection strategies, and the application of precision gene editing to leverage these connections.