Developing discrepancy within self-regulation theory: use of personalized normative feedback and personal strivings with heavy-drinking college students.
Developing discrepancy within self-regulation theory: use of personalized normative feedback and personal strivings with heavy-drinking college students.
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自我调节理论中的差异：对酗酒的大学生使用个性化的规范反馈和个人努力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.08.004
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Carey,KateB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Neal,DanJ;Carey,KateB
减少高风险饮酒频率的努力包括使用激励性干预措施。动机干预中使用的技术和行为改变的基本理论(即自我调节理论)都引用了差异发展的结构。这项研究的目的是确定据称会产生差异的技术是否真的会这样做，并比较在减少饮酒意向指数上产生差异的方法。男性和女性大学生饮酒者(N=92)，如果他们在上个月报告两次或两次以上的酗酒事件，或在罗格斯大学酒精问题指数(RAPI)上得4分或更高，就被选为研究对象。参与者按性别被随机分配到三个条件下，均以小组形式进行：注意力控制、个性化规范反馈(PNF)和个人奋斗评估(PSA)。个性化规范反馈是基于自我和他人的行为比较而设计的，旨在形成差异。个人奋斗评估的设计是为了在现在的自我和理想的自我之间产生差异。研究假设，参与差异构建活动的参与者会因他们所从事的活动而体验到差异，而所有出现差异的参与者都会表现出更高水平的减少饮酒的意向。结果表明，只有个性化的规范反馈增加了差异和减少饮酒的意图。
Efforts to reduce the frequency of high-risk drinking have included the use of motivational interventions. Both the technique used in motivational interventions and an underlying theory of behavior change (i.e., self-regulation theory) invoke the construct of discrepancy development. This study was designed to determine whether techniques purported to develop discrepancy actually do so and to compare methods of developing discrepancy on indices of intention to reduce alcohol use. Male and female college drinkers (N=92) were selected if they reported two or more binge episodes in the last month, or scored 4 or higher on the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI). Participants were randomly assigned by gender to three conditions all conducted in a small group format: attention-control, personalized normative feedback (PNF), and personal strivings assessment (PSA). Personalized normative feedback was designed to develop discrepancy based on behavioral comparisons of self and others. Personal strivings assessment was designed to develop discrepancy between current and ideal self. It was hypothesized that participants who engage in discrepancy building activities would experience discrepancy specific to the activity in which they engaged, and that all participants who developed discrepancy would show higher levels of intention to reduce alcohol use. Results indicated that only the personalized normative feedback increased discrepancy and intention to reduce alcohol use.