Alyssum homolocarpum seed oil (AHSO), containing natural alpha linolenic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid and -sitosterol, increases proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in vitro
Alyssum homolocarpum seed oil (AHSO), containing natural alpha linolenic acid, stearic acid, myristic acid and -sitosterol, increases proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in vitro
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DOI：
10.1186/s12906-019-2518-4
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发表时间：
2019-06-03
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ghanbari, Amir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahmoudi, Reza;Ghareghani, Majid;Ghanbari, Amir
背景：胚胎神经干细胞（eNSCs）是中枢神经系统（CNS）的未成熟前体，具有自我更新和多能分化能力。这些由内源性和外源性因素调节，如α -亚麻酸（ALA），一种植物性必需的omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸。方法研究不同浓度含天然ALA、硬脂酸（SA）、肉豆汁酸（MA）和-谷甾醇的Alyssum homolocarpum seed oil （AHSO）对eNSCs增殖和分化的影响，并与对照和合成纯ALA进行比较。结果与合成ALA类似，天然AHSO （25 ~ 75M）处理可使encs活力较对照显著提高2倍。为了证实这种增殖活性，与对照组相比，用50或75M AHSO处理NSCs导致notch1、hes-1和ki -67 mRNA水平和NICD蛋白表达显著增加。此外，与对照组相比，AHSO以剂量依赖的方式显著增加了eNSCs向星形胶质细胞（GFAP+）和少突胶质细胞（MBP+）的分化，并且在相同浓度下比ALA更有效。事实上，只有高浓度的100M AHSO，而不是ALA，导致神经元频率显著增加（-III Tubulin+）。结论AHSO富含ALA和其他有益脂肪酸，能促进eNSCs的增殖和分化。我们认为AHSO的作用是由这种油中存在的-谷甾醇、SA和MA引起的。在饮食中使用AHSO可以预防神经发育综合征、衰老过程中的认知能力下降和各种精神疾病。
BackgroundEmbryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) are immature precursors of the central nervous system (CNS), with self-renewal and multipotential differentiation capacities. These are regulated by endogenous and exogenous factors such as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a plant-based essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the effects of various concentrations of Alyssum homolocarpum seed oil (AHSO), containing natural ALA, stearic acid (SA), myristic acid (MA), and -sitosterol, on proliferation and differentiation of eNSCs, in comparison to controls and to synthetic pure ALA.ResultsTreatment with natural AHSO (25 to 75M), similar to synthetic ALA, caused a significant 2-fold increase in eNCSs viability, in comparison to controls. To confirm this proliferative activity, treatment of NSCs with 50 or 75M AHSO resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels of notch1, hes-1 and Ki-67and NICD protein expression, in comparison to controls. Moreover, AHSO administration significantly increased the differentiation of eNSCs toward astrocytes (GFAP+) and oligodendrocytes (MBP+) in a dose dependent manner and was more potent than ALA, at similar concentrations, in comparison to controls. Indeed, only high concentrations of 100M AHSO, but not ALA, caused a significant increase in the frequency of neurons (-III Tubulin+).ConclusionOur data demonstrated that AHSO, a rich source of ALA containing also other beneficial fatty acids, increased the proliferation and stimulated the differentiation of eNSCs. We suggest that AHSO's effects are caused by -sitosterol, SA and MA, present within this oil. AHSO could be used in diet to prevent neurodevelopmental syndromes, cognitive decline during aging, and various psychiatric disorders.