Mortality risk and PM2.5 air pollution in the USA: an analysis of a national prospective cohort
Mortality risk and PM2.5 air pollution in the USA: an analysis of a national prospective cohort
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DOI：
10.1007/s11869-017-0535-3
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Burnett, Richard T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope, C. Arden, III;Ezzati, Majid;Burnett, Richard T.
流行病学证据表明，暴露于细颗粒物空气污染（PM2.5）会增加全球疾病负担，主要是因为心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的风险增加。这项研究评估了美国成年人口的国家代表性队列中长期PM2.5暴露与死亡风险之间的关联，这些队列是根据公共使用的国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）数据构建的。两个队列包括392，807和162，373人（无和有个人吸烟数据），来自公共使用的NHIS调查数据（1986-2001），与2011年的死亡率相关。队列包括居住在大都市统计区（MSA）的人，年龄在18-84岁之间，并有个人风险因素信息。模拟的PM2.5暴露被指定为1999年至2008年的MSA水平平均环境浓度。使用考克斯比例风险回归模型估计死亡风险比（HR），控制年龄、种族、性别、收入、婚姻状况、教育、体重指数和吸烟状况。在控制了包括吸烟在内的各种个体风险因素的模型中，与PM2.5暴露量增加10 μ g/m3相关的全因和心血管死亡率的估计HR分别为1.06（1.01-1.11）和1.34（1.21-1.48）。这项研究提供的证据表明，死亡风险升高，特别是心血管疾病死亡率，与长期暴露于PM2.5空气污染有关，这些研究是根据公共使用的NHIS数据构建的。
Epidemiologic evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) contributes to global burden of disease, primarily because of increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates associations between long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality risk in national, representative cohorts of the US adult population, constructed from public-use National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data. Two cohorts consisting of 392,807 and 162,373 individuals (without and with individual smoking data) were compiled from public-use NHIS survey data (1986-2001) with mortality linkage through 2011. Cohorts included persons who lived in a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) were 18-84 years of age and had individual risk factor information. Modeled PM2.5 exposures were assigned as MSA-level mean ambient concentration for 1999 through 2008. Mortality hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models, controlling for age, race, sex, income, marital status, education, body mass index, and smoking status. Estimated HRs for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, associated with a 10-mu g/m(3) exposure increment of PM2.5 were 1.06 (1.01-1.11) and 1.34 (1.21-1.48), respectively, in models that controlled for various individual risk factors, including smoking. This study provides evidence that elevated risks of mortality, especially cardiovascular disease mortality, are associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 air pollution in US nationwide adult cohorts constructed from public-use NHIS data.