Transformative innovation policy to meet the challenge of climate change: sociotechnical networks aligned with consumption and end-use as new transition arenas for a low-carbon society or green economy
Transformative innovation policy to meet the challenge of climate change: sociotechnical networks aligned with consumption and end-use as new transition arenas for a low-carbon society or green economy
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应对气候变化挑战的变革性创新政策：与消费和最终用途相一致的社会技术网络作为低碳社会或绿色经济的新转型舞台
DOI：
10.1080/09537325.2012.663959
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
F. Steward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Steward
本文概述了国际气候政策话语的转变，并从其对创新政策的影响方面对向低碳社会和绿色经济转型的必要性进行了新的共同叙述。它被视为认识到渐进主义的局限性和普遍的变革性创新的必要性。21世纪初确定了关键的转折点，通过这些转折点，有关转型的新思想从学术讨论转化为政策实践。过渡思维表达了科学、技术和创新研究中进化和联想方法的新综合。它介绍了实现消费和最终用途的核心社会功能的社会技术网络和配置的概念。创新的议程从传统的宏观经济或微观组织层面转移到新的关注中观层面的一系列社会技术转型。当代创新政策的现实世界是根据这一不同视角所暗示的变革性创新的新政策措施来评估的。人们发现了一幅相互矛盾的图景：新的挑战导向、需求导向的系统性举措与技术驱动的、供应面的单一方法的遗产混杂在一起。证据表明，新的基于计算机的全球能源系统可视化分析表明，其总体复杂性可以通过少数基本的最终用途或消费类别来解决。有人认为，这些政策提供了从根本上重新制定创新政策的机会，为社会技术转型所需的实验和舞台提供了机会，而社会技术转型不是由技术驱动的选择预先决定的。
A shift in international climate policy discourse toward a new shared narrative on the need for a ‘transition’ to a low-carbon society and green economy is outlined and assessed in terms of its implications for innovation policy. It is seen as recognition of the limits of incrementalism and the need for pervasive transformative innovation. Key passage points are identified in the early 2000s through which new ideas about transition moved from academic discussion into policy practice. Transitions thinking expresses a new synthesis of evolutionary and associational approaches in science, technology and innovation studies. It introduces concepts of sociotechnical networks and configurations which fulfil core societal functions of consumption and end use. The agenda for innovation shifts from the traditional macroeconomic or microorganisational level, to a new focus on a range of situated sociotechnical transitions at the mesoregime level. The real world of contemporary innovation policy is assessed in terms of the new policy measures for the transformative innovation implied by this different perspective. A contradictory picture is found of new challenge led, demand oriented, systemic initiatives muddled with a legacy of technology driven, supply side, singular approaches. Evidence is given of how new computer based visualisation analysis of the global energy system reveals that its overall complexity may be addressed through a small number of fundamental end-use or consumption categories. It is argued that these offer the opportunity for a fundamental reframing of innovation policy for the experiments and arenas needed for sociotechnical transitions which are not predetermined by technology-driven choices.