The APE-THESEO Tropical Campaign: An Overview
The APE-THESEO Tropical Campaign: An Overview
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APE-THESEO 热带活动：概述
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
T. Peter
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Stefanutti;A. MacKenzie;V. Santacesaria;Alberto Adriani;S. Balestri;S. Borrmann;V. Khattatov;P. Mazzinghi;Valentin Mitev;V. Rudakov;C. Schiller;G. Toci;C. Volk;V. Yushkov;H. Flentje;C. Kiemle;G. Redaelli;K. Carslaw;K. Noone;T. Peter
1999年2月15日至3月15日在西印度洋的塞舌尔举行了类人猿运动。APE-TESEO代表“空中对地观测平台--(对)第三次欧洲平流层臭氧实验的贡献”。这项活动的目的是研究控制平流层低水分的过程，包括热带对流层顶区云形成的机制，以及使用长寿命痕量气体和臭氧测量研究的输送过程。使用了两架飞机：高空研究飞机M-55GePhysica，飞行距离可达21公里；以及对流层飞机Deutsches Zentum für Luft-und Raumfahrt的猎鹰。进行了七次飞行，包括第一次对亚可见卷云进行同步就地和遥感，第一次利用寻路飞机的飞行导航拦截次可见卷云，以及一架高空研究飞机在引导下降落到热带气旋顶部的钉状云。在本文中，我们描述了所使用的有效载荷、每一次飞行的目标以及遇到的气象条件。初步结果表明，一种新的云，我们称之为超薄热带对流层顶云(UTTC)，已经被频繁地观测到，并被观测到覆盖105平方公里的面积。对流层顶和湿停层的频繁重合表明，西印度洋在执行任务期间热带下层平流层的脱水中发挥了重要作用。UTTC、亚可见卷云和可见卷云都与观察到的脱水有关。示踪测量表明，平流层空气很少混合到热带对流层上层。
The APE-THESEO campaign was held from 15 February to 15 March 1999 from the Seychelles in the western Indian Ocean. APE-THESEO stands for ‘Airborne Platform for Earth observation — (contribution to) the Third European Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone’. The campaign aimed to study processes controlling the low water content of the stratosphere, including the mechanisms of cloud formation in the tropical tropopause region, and transport processes, studied using measurements of long-lived trace gases and ozone.Two aircraft were used: the high-altitude research aircraft, M-55 Geophysica, which can fly up to 21 km, and the Falcon of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, a tropospheric aircraft. Seven flights were performed, including the first simultaneous in situ and remote sensing of sub-visible cirrus clouds, the first interception of sub-visible cirrus using in-flight guidance from a path-finding aircraft, and guided descent of a high-altitude research aircraft into the anvil cloud at the top of a tropical cyclone. In this paper we describe the payload used, the objectives for each flight, and the meteorological conditions encountered. First results show that a new type of cloud, which we have dubbed ultra-thin tropical tropopause cloud (UTTC), has been observed frequently, and observed to cover areas of 105 km2. The frequent coincidence of the tropopause and hygropause implies that the western Indian Ocean played an important role in the dehydration of the lower tropical stratosphere during the season of the mission. UTTCs, sub-visible cirrus, and visible cirrus, have all been implicated in the observed dehydration. Tracer measurements indicate little mixing of stratospheric air into the upper tropical troposphere.