Community pharmacies as access points for addiction treatment
Community pharmacies as access points for addiction treatment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.06.006
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Roberts, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Look, Kevin A.;Kile, Mercedes;Roberts, Andrew
背景：利用社区药房支持阿片类药物滥用预防和成瘾治疗工作的兴趣越来越大。然而，目前尚不清楚社区药房的安置是否有利于承担这样的角色。目的：研究威斯康星州社区药房分布及其与农村和城市成瘾治疗设施位置和阿片类药物过量事件的关系。方法：确定威斯康星州每个县每10万人中阿片类药物相关过量死亡总数和粗死亡率。在每个县确定了药物滥用治疗设施，以估计获得正式成瘾治疗的机会。筛选了该州的药店名单，以确定每个县的社区药店。使用描述性统计和Pearson相关系数来描述该州县级阿片类药物相关过量死亡率与治疗设施和社区药房数量的分布和关系。结果：威斯康星州有72个县，其中45个（62.5%）被归类为农村。尽管与阿片类药物有关的过量死亡人数高度集中在城市地区，但城市和农村地区每10万人的粗死亡率相似。与城市县相比，农村县拥有正规药物滥用治疗设施（r = - 0.42, P = .00）或社区药房（r = - 0.44, P = .00）的可能性显著降低。然而，与药物滥用治疗设施相比，社区药房更为普遍，更有可能位于阿片类药物相关过量死亡率较高的农村县。在没有正式药物滥用治疗机构的14个县中，除1个县外，其余县都有1个或更多的社区药房。结论：社区药房位于可用于支持药物辅助成瘾治疗工作的地区，特别是在缺乏正规药物滥用治疗设施的农村地区。
Background: There is growing interest in utilizing community pharmacies to support opioid abuse prevention and addiction treatment efforts. However, it is unknown whether the placement of community pharmacies is conducive to taking on such a role. Objective: To examine the distribution of community pharmacies in Wisconsin and its relationship with the location of addiction treatment facilities and opioid-related overdose events in rural and urban areas.Methods: The total number of opioid-related overdose deaths and crude death rates per 100,000 population were determined for each county in Wisconsin. Substance abuse treatment facilities were identified in each county to estimate access to formal addiction treatment. A list of pharmacies in the state was screened to identify community pharmacies in each county. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to describe the distribution of and relationships between county-level opioid-related overdose death rates and the number of treatment facilities and community pharmacies in the state.Results: Wisconsin has 72 counties, of which 45 (62.5%) are classified as rural. Although the number of opioid-related overdose deaths was highly concentrated in urban areas, crude death rates per 100,000 population were similar in urban and rural areas. Rural counties were significantly less likely to have formal substance abuse treatment facilities (r = -.42, P = .00) or community pharmacies (r = -.44, P = .00) compared to urban counties. However, community pharmacies were more prevalent and more likely to be located in rural counties with higher rates of opioid-related overdose deaths than substance abuse treatment facilities. All but 1 of the 14 counties without a formal substance abuse treatment facility had access to 1 or more community pharmacies.Conclusions: Community pharmacies are ideally located in areas that could be used to support medication-assisted addiction treatment efforts, particularly in rural areas lacking formal substance abuse treatment facilities.