Roles of function, reminding, and variability in categorization by 3-month-old infants.
Roles of function, reminding, and variability in categorization by 3-month-old infants.
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功能、提醒和变异在 3 个月大婴儿分类中的作用。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.16.4.617
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rovee-Collier,C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greco,C;Hayne,H;Rovee-Collier,C
研究人员对 3 个月大的婴儿进行了训练，通过踢腿来移动婴儿床，研究了功能、提醒和范例变异在物理上不同物体分类中的作用。使用静止的新物体进行转移测试的表现提供了分类的证据。在实验 1 和 2 中，婴儿像成年人一样，最初根据外观对新物体进行分类，但前提是在延迟 1 天和 7 天后使用多个样本进行训练。在实验 3 中，对象功能特性的先验知识超越了物理差异作为分类的基础，并能够在 2 周后提醒分类反应。在实验 4 中，事件后应急信息取代了物理和功能属性作为分类的基础。这些发现表明，期望和目标会影响婴儿的类别决策，并提高 3 个月大的婴儿通过类比做出反应的可能性。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
The roles of function, reminding, and exemplar variability in categorization of a physically dissimilar object were studied with 3-month-old infants trained to move a crib mobile by kicking. Performance on a transfer test with a motionless novel object provided evidence of categorization. In Experiments 1 and 2, infants, like adults, initially categorized novel objects on the basis of physical appearance, but only if trained with multiple exemplars, after delays of 1 and 7 days. In Experiment 3, prior knowledge of an object's functional properties overrode physical dissimilarity as the basis for categorization and enabled reminding of the classification response 2 weeks later. In Experiment 4, postevent contingency information overrode physical and functional properties as the basis for categorization. These findings indicate that expectations and goals influence infants' category decisions and raise the possibility that infants of 3 months respond by analogy.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)