Report: United States-China Space Dialogue Project
Report: United States-China Space Dialogue Project
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报告：美中太空对话项目
DOI：
10.1080/14777622.2010.494513
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Sadeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Sadeh
美国与中国在太空领域的关系可能会决定未来太空的使用和治理，并与两国外交政策问题和国际关系的更广泛动态密不可分。中国在2007年1月展示了反卫星（ASAT）能力，美国在2008年2月在太空摧毁了一颗故障的美国卫星，这些都提高了未来太空冲突的可能性。由于缺乏适用于空间活动的共同词汇，这种可能性的降低受到阻碍。中国声称对美国的概念有矛盾的解释，比如透明度、威慑、军民两用、有意与无意干涉、防御与进攻。语言障碍使问题复杂化。美国的概念，比如“透明度”，在翻译成普通话时会产生意想不到的含义。概念混淆和语言不精确的结合增加了可能导致冲突的误解的机会，并减少了规范两国之间空间竞争的正式或非正式协议的可能性。对美国来说，未来太空领域冲突的可能性因为中国对太空的意图不明确，以及中国军事评论员的文章认为，中国在军事对抗中创造了不对称的能力来削弱美国的太空资产。美国曾多次对中国空间政策和活动的方向表示关切，但美中之间没有就空间问题进行正式沟通的渠道。随着空间技术在中国继续快速发展，随着美国在作战和国家安全方面越来越依赖太空，对话是必要的
The United States relationship with China in the space domain will likely define the future uses and governance of space, and is inextricably connected to the broader dynamics of foreign policy issues and international relations between the two states. China’s demonstration of anti-satellite (ASAT) capability in January 2007 and the United States destruction in space of a malfunctioning American satellite in February 2008 raise the possibility of future conflict in space. Mitigation of this possibility is hampered by lack of a common lexicon of terms applicable to activities in space. The Chinese profess to have contradictory interpretations of U.S. concepts, such as transparency, deterrence, dual-use, intentional versus unintentional interference, defense, and offense. A language barrier complicates the problem. American concepts, like ‘‘transparency,’’ posit unintended implications when translated into Mandarin Chinese. The combination of conceptual confusion and linguistic imprecision increase the chance of misunderstanding that can lead to conflict, and decrease the possibility of formal or informal agreement regulating space competition between the two states. The potential of future conflict in the space domain is heightened for the United States by the lack of clarity about the intent of the Chinese approach to space, and by the writings of Chinese military commentators arguing that China create asymmetrical capabilities to degrade U.S. space assets in the event of military confrontation. The United States expressed on several occasions concern about the direction of Chinese space policy and activities, but there exists no official channel of communication between the United States and China on the subject of space. As space technology continues to develop at a rapid pace in China, and as the United States grows ever more dependent on space for warfighting and national security, dialogue is