Microwave Assisted Sol-Gel Synthesis of Silica-Spider Silk Composites
Microwave Assisted Sol-Gel Synthesis of Silica-Spider Silk Composites
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DOI：
10.3390/molecules24142521
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发表时间：
2019-07-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Britt, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giasuddin, Abul Bashar Mohammad;Britt, David W.
本研究介绍了一种简单且环保的方法，利用微波能量在预水解的有机硅烷或氟硅烷的水溶液中溶解疏水性蛋白质来合成二氧化硅-蛋白质纳米复合材料。溶胶-凝胶功能可以通过生物大分子的掺入来增强，以调整机械性能、表面能和生物相容性。在这里，使用微波技术将合成蜘蛛丝蛋白以及有机硅烷和氟硅烷前体溶解并混合在弱酸性水溶液中。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和原子力显微镜 (AFM) 图像揭示了尺寸范围为 100 至 500 nm 的球形纳米粒子的形成，部分取决于硅烷氟或有机侧链化学性质。通过红外光谱评估纳米复合材料中的硅烷-蛋白质相互作用。解卷积 ATR-FTIR（衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱）光谱揭示了蛋白质-硅烷纳米复合材料中硅烷化学特异性的构象变化。相对于微波溶解的蜘蛛丝蛋白，蜘蛛丝-有机二氧化硅纳米复合材料中的β结构含量增加了14%，但蜘蛛丝-氟二氧化硅纳米复合材料中的β结构含量净减少了20%。调节二级结构的方法，特别是作为蜘蛛丝和其他自组装纤维蛋白中的交联部分的β-折叠的方法，可能提供一种独特的方法来促进蛋白质相互作用，有利于随后的外延生长过程，并增强蛋白质-硅烷纳米复合材料的性能。
This study introduces a simple and environmentally friendly method to synthesize silica-protein nanocomposite materials using microwave energy to solubilize hydrophobic protein in an aqueous solution of pre-hydrolyzed organo- or fluoro-silane. Sol-gel functionality can be enhanced through biomacromolecule incorporation to tune mechanical properties, surface energy, and biocompatibility. Here, synthetic spider silk protein and organo- and fluoro-silane precursors were dissolved and mixed in weakly acidic aqueous solution using microwave technology. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 100 to 500 nm depending, in part, on silane fluoro- or organo-side chain chemistry. The silane-protein interaction in the nanocomposite was assessed through infrared spectroscopy. Deconvoluted ATR-FTIR (Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) spectra revealed silane chemistry-specific conformational changes in the protein-silane nanocomposites. Relative to microwave-solubilized spider silk protein, the beta structure content increased by 14% in the spider silk-organo-silica nanocomposites, but decreased by a net 20% in the spider silk-fluoro-silica nanocomposites. Methods of tuning the secondary structures, and in particular beta-sheets that are the cross-linking moieties in spider silks and other self-assembling fibrillar proteins, may provide a unique means to promote protein interactions, favor subsequent epitaxial growth process, and enhance the properties of the protein-silane nanocomposites.