Independent nonframeshift deletions in the MC1R gene are not associated with melanistic coat coloration in three mustelid lineages
Independent nonframeshift deletions in the MC1R gene are not associated with melanistic coat coloration in three mustelid lineages
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esi096
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Suzuki, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hosoda, T;Sato, JJ;Suzuki, H
对黑皮质素1受体（melanocortin-1 receptor，MC 1 R）基因5′侧翼区（约240 bp）和外显子区（约426 bp）的序列变异进行了分析，以确定MC 1 R蛋白在狼獾（Wolverines）、貂（Martes）、鼬（Mustela）和獾（Meles）4属17种鼬科动物的黑色毛色中的潜在作用。Mustela和Meles属的成员以及Martes flavigula和Martes pennanti被证明具有完整的基因序列。然而，在Martes和Gulo属的成员中检测到了与其他物种黑化有关的MC 1 R基因区域的几个“框内”缺失。例如，Gulo gulo在第二跨膜结构域编码区有一个15 bp的缺失，而Martes americana、Martes melampus、Martes zibellina和Martes martes在该区域有一个45 bp的缺失。此外，发现Martes foina具有10 bp的插入，紧接着是28 bp的缺失，紧接在其他Martens中发现的缺失的下游。值得注意的是，这些indel都不与黑化表型相关。系统发育分析表明，这些非随机分布的缺失中的每一个都是在这个家族的进化过程中独立出现的。特定的插入缺失相邻基序似乎在很大程度上占的偏见和重复发生的删除事件在theMartes/Guloclade。
Sequence variation within the 5′ flanking (about 240 bp) and exon regions (426 bp) of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene was examined to determine the potential role of this protein in the melanistic coat coloration of 17 mustelid species in four genera:Gulo(wolverines),Martes(martens),Mustela(weasels), andMeles(badgers). Members of the generaMustelaandMeles, together withMartes flavigulaandMartes pennanti, were shown to have intact gene sequences. However, several “in frame” deletions of theMC1Rgene region implicated in melanism of other species were detected within members of the generaMartesandGulo. For instance,Gulo gulopossessed a 15 bp deletion in the second transmembrane domain coding region, whileMartes americana,Martes melampus,Martes zibellina, andMartes martesshared a 45 bp deletion overlapping this area. In addition,Martes foinawas found to possess a 10 bp insertion followed closely by a 28 bp deletion immediately downstream of the deletion found in other martens. Notably, none of these indels was associated with a melanistic phenotype. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that each of these nonrandomly distributed deletions arose independently during the evolution of this family. Specific indel-neighboring motifs appear to largely account for the biased and repeated occurrence of deletion events in theMartes/Guloclade.