Child neglect: developmental issues and outcomes
Child neglect: developmental issues and outcomes
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-2134(02)00341-1
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wolfe, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hildyard, KL;Wolfe, DA
目的：本文强调了儿童忽视这一最常见的虐待形式对儿童发展的影响。方法：根据三个发展阶段（即婴儿期/学龄前、学龄和青少年、老年青少年和成人）和主要发展过程（认知、社会情感和行为）组织审查。虽然重点是各种形式的儿童忽视的具体和独特的影响，但特别关注对忽视和虐待进行比较的研究，以阐明它们的相似之处和差异。结果：过去和最近的研究结果一致认为，儿童忽视可能对儿童的认知、社会情感和行为发展产生严重、有害的短期和长期影响。与依恋和相关理论一致，生命早期发生的忽视对以后的发展特别有害。此外，在许多领域，忽视所带来的影响是身体虐待所特有的，尤其是在整个儿童期和青春期早期。与遭受身体虐待的儿童相比，被忽视的儿童有更严重的认知和学业缺陷、社交退缩和有限的同伴互动，以及内化（而不是外化）问题。结论：当前的审查进一步支持了长期存在的结论，即儿童忽视对儿童的发展和福祉构成了重大挑战。讨论了知识现状的局限性，并概述了未来研究的方向。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Objective: This article highlights the manner in which child neglect, the most common form of maltreatment, affects children's development.Method: The review is organized according to three developmental periods (i.e., infancy/preschool, school-aged and younger adolescents, and older adolescents and adults) and major developmental processes (cognitive, social-emotional, and behavioral). Although the focus is on specific and unique effects of various forms of child neglect, particular attention is paid to studies that allow comparisons of neglect and abuse that clarify their similarities and differences.Results: Past as well as very recent findings converge on the conclusion that child neglect can have severe, deleterious short- and long-term effects on children's cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioral development. Consistent with attachment and related theories, neglect occurring early in life is particularly detrimental to subsequent development. Moreover, neglect is associated with effects that are, in many areas, unique from physical abuse, especially throughout childhood and early adolescence. Relative to physically abused children, neglected children have more severe cognitive and academic deficits, social withdrawal and limited peer interactions, and internalizing (as opposed to externalizing) problems.Conclusions: The current review offers further support for the long-standing conclusion that child neglect poses a significant challenge to children's development and well-being. Limitations with regard,to the state of the knowledge are discussed and directions for future research are outlined. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.