Oxytocin and vasopressin modulate the social response to threat: a preclinical study
Oxytocin and vasopressin modulate the social response to threat: a preclinical study
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DOI：
10.1017/s1461145714000388
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
McGregor, Iain S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowen, Michael T.;McGregor, Iain S.
许多物种中的个体在威胁的情况下(防御性聚集)增加了与他人的亲近度，增加了他们的生存机会，减少了应激源的不利心理影响。然而，防御性聚集的基本神经生物学还没有被很好地理解。在这里，我们研究了社会神经肽催产素(OT)和加压素(AVP)在这一反应中的作用。在一个很大的竞技场里，一群老鼠被暴露在一团猫毛(一种天生的威胁刺激)中，导致长时间的紧密社会群体(挤在一起)。单独和与相关拮抗剂一起研究OT和AVP对聚集的调节作用。为了确定治疗效果对社会群体的特异性，还对暴露于猫毛并给予藏身机会的大鼠进行了相同处理的效果评估。催产素(0.5 mg/kg，ip)AVP(0.01 mg/kg，i.p.)而选择性V1AAVP受体拮抗剂SR49059(3 mg/kg，i.p.)减少了挤在一起。预先给予SR49059(3 mg/kg)可阻断OT的作用，而V1B受体拮抗剂SSR149415(30 mg/kg)可阻断AVP的作用。当四组大鼠在没有猫毛的情况下被测试时，OT对抱抱没有影响，而AVP在这些条件下增加了抱抱。OT和SR49059都不影响暴露于猫毛的大鼠的藏身能力。然而，AVP增加了隐藏，SSR149415(30 mg/kg，i.p.)可阻止这种作用。这些结果表明，OT作用于V1a受体，在不改变更一般的防御反应的情况下，促进对威胁的社会反应。相反，AVP似乎通过V1B受体增加了广泛性焦虑，从而导致挤在一起。因此，催产素的一个迄今未被认识到的功能是在危险情况下促进社会联系。
Individuals in many species increase their proximity to others in threatening situations (defensive aggregation), increasing their chance of survival and reducing the adverse psychological impact of stressors. However, the basic neurobiology of defensive aggregation is not well understood. Here we examined the role of the social neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) in this response. Groups of rats were exposed to a ball of cat fur (an innate threat stimulus) in a large arena, causing prolonged periods of tight social grouping (huddling). The modulatory effects of OT and AVP on huddling were examined both alone and in conjunction with relevant antagonists. To determine specificity of treatment effects to social grouping, the effects of the same treatments were also assessed in individual rats exposed to cat fur and given the opportunity to hide. OT (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and AVP (0.01 mg/kg, i.p.) increased huddling in rats socially exposed to cat fur, whereas the selective V1A AVP receptor antagonist SR49059 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased huddling. The effects of OT were prevented by pre-treatment with SR49059 (3 mg/kg), while those of AVP were prevented by the V1B receptor antagonist SSR149415 (30 mg/kg, i.p.). OT had no effect on huddling when groups of four rats were tested with no cat fur present whereas AVP increased huddling under these conditions. Neither OT, nor SR49059, affected hiding in individual rats exposed to cat fur. However, AVP increased hiding, an effect prevented by SSR149415 (30 mg/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that OT acts on V1A receptors to promote a social response to threat without altering the more general defensive response. Conversely, AVP appears to increase generalised anxiety via V1B receptors, which subsequently results in huddling. A hitherto unrecognised function of oxytocin is therefore to promote social affiliation during threatening situations.