Game elements improve performance in a working memory training task
Game elements improve performance in a working memory training task
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游戏元素可提高工作记忆训练任务的表现
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Guilherme Maia de Oliveira Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Ninaus;G. Pereira;René Stefitz;R. Prada;Ana Paiva;C. Neuper;Guilherme Maia de Oliveira Wood
在非游戏环境中利用游戏元素目前被用于广泛的不同领域。然而，关于游戏元素在认知任务中的作用的研究仍然很少。因此，在这项研究中，我们实施了三个游戏元素，即进度条，水平指示器，和一个主题设置，在工作记忆训练任务。我们评估了游戏元素对用户表现和感知流状态的影响，与传统版本的任务相比。与游戏元素互动的参与者在工作记忆训练任务中表现出更高的分数，而对照组的参与者在没有游戏元素的情况下完成了工作记忆训练任务。此外，游戏元素有助于个人的表现接近他们的最大工作记忆容量。最后，两组之间的感知流没有差异，这表明游戏元素可以诱导更好的表现，而不会改变“在该区域”的感知，即不会增加焦虑或无聊。这项实证研究表明，某些游戏元素可以提高性能和效率，在工作记忆任务，通过提高用户的能力和意愿，在他们的最佳性能水平的培训。
The utilization of game elements in a non-game context is currently used in a vast range of different domains. However, research on game elements’ effects in cognitive tasks is still sparse. Thus, in this study we implemented three game elements, namely, progress bar, level indicator, and a thematic setting, in a working memory training task. We evaluated the impact of game elements on user performance and perceived state of flow when compared to a conventional version of the task. Participants interacting with game elements showed higher scores in the working memory training task than participants from a control group who completed the working memory training task without the game elements. Moreover, game elements facilitated the individuals’ performance closer to their maximum working memory capacity. Finally, the perceived flow did not differ between the two groups, which indicates that game elements can induce better performance without changing the perception of being “in the zone”, that is without an increase in anxiety or boredom. This empirical study indicates that certain game elements can improve the performance and efficiency in a working memory task by increasing users’ ability and willingness to train at their optimal performance level.