Depression and social stress in Pakistan
Depression and social stress in Pakistan
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291700001707
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Tomenson, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Husain, N;Creed, F;Tomenson, B
背景。发展中国家抑郁症的高患病率尚不清楚。本研究旨在重复之前关于巴基斯坦抑郁症高患病率的发现，并详细评估相关的社会困难。方法。对巴基斯坦村庄的一般人口样本进行了两阶段调查。第一阶段筛选使用个人健康问卷（PHQ）和自评问卷（SRQ）。使用精神病学评估表 (PAS) 和生活事件和困难表 (LEDS) 对二分之一的高分者样本和三分之一的低分者样本进行了访谈。结果。共有 259 人接受了筛查（回复率为 96%）。第二阶段共收集了 55 例病例，其中 54 例患有抑郁症，48 例没有抑郁症。调整后的抑郁症患病率为 44.4%（95% CT 35.3 至 53.6）：男性为 25.5%，女性为 57.5%。几乎所有病例的持续时间都超过一年。病例与非病例的比较表明，病例受教育程度较低，有更多的孩子，并且经历了更明显的、独立的慢性困难。多变量分析表明，严重的经济和住房困难、子女数量多、文化程度低与抑郁症的关系尤其密切。结论。这项研究证实了巴基斯坦抑郁症的患病率很高，并表明这一比例可能高于其他发展中国家，因为经历社会逆境的人口比例很高。
Background. The high prevalence of depression in developing countries is not well understood. This study aimed to replicate the previous finding of a high prevalence of depression in Pakistan and assess in detail the associated social difficulties.Method. A two-phase survey of a general population sample in a Pakistani village was performed. The first-phase screen used the Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and the self-rating questionnaire (SRQ). A one in two sample of high scorers and a one in three sample of the low scorers were interviewed using the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule (PAS) and Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS).Results. A total of 259 people were screened (96 % response rate). The second stage yielded 55 cases, of whom 54 had depressive disorder, and 48 non-cases. The adjusted prevalence of depressive disorders was 44.4 % (95 % CT 35.3 to 53.6): 25.5 % in males and 57.5 % in females. Nearly all cases had lasted longer than 1 year. Comparison of the cases and non-cases indicated that cases were less well educated, had more children and experienced more marked, independent chronic difficulties. Multivariate analysis indicated that severe financial and housing difficulties, large number of children and low educational level were particularly closely associated with depression.Conclusion. This study confirms the high prevalence of depressive disorders in Pakistan and suggests that this may be higher than other developing countries because of the high proportion of the population who experience social adversity.