Meningococcal disease in the Middle East and North Africa: an important public health consideration that requires further attention
Meningococcal disease in the Middle East and North Africa: an important public health consideration that requires further attention
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijid.2012.03.011
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Vyse, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ceyhan, Mehmet;Anis, Sameh;Vyse, Andrew
本文回顾了描述中东和北非（MENA）脑膜炎球菌病的流行病学数据。虽然脑膜炎球菌病仍然是许多中东和北非国家地方病和流行病的一个重要原因，但现有公布的流行病学数据似乎有限，零散，并通过不同的方法收集。5岁及5岁以下的儿童主要受影响，尽管疾病的爆发往往影响年龄较大的群体。虽然A血清群仍然是该区域脑膜炎球菌病的主要原因，但过去二十年来，在一些国家报告的血清群B、W-135和Y病例越来越多。朝觐是影响疫情和传播的一个关键因素，疫苗的使用最大限度地减少了对朝圣者母国的影响，并减少了疾病的全球传播。更广泛地使用现有的多价脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗可提供更广泛的保护，以防止在该区域引起疾病或构成威胁的各种血清群。此外，加强区域监测系统和定期发表报告，提供关于疾病发病率、携带情况、与疾病有关的死亡率和后遗症的可靠估计数，可有助于在本区域内制定关于脑膜炎球菌病的适当干预措施和公共卫生战略。(C)2012年国际传染病学会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
This paper reviews the epidemiological data describing meningococcal disease in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). While meningococcal disease remains an important cause of endemic and epidemic disease in many MENA countries, existing published epidemiological data appear limited, fragmented, and collected via disparate methodologies. Children aged 5 years and younger are predominantly affected, though outbreaks of the disease often affect older age groups. Whilst serogroup A remains a main cause of meningococcal disease in the region, cases of serogroup B, W-135, and Y have been increasingly reported over the last two decades in some countries. The Hajj pilgrimage is a key factor influencing outbreaks and transmission, and the use of vaccines has minimized the effects on the home countries of the pilgrims and has decreased global dissemination of disease. Wider use of available polyvalent meningococcal conjugate vaccines may provide broader protection against the range of serogroups causing disease or posing a threat in the region. In addition, strengthening regional surveillance systems and regularly publishing reports with reliable estimates of disease incidence, carriage, disease-related mortality, and sequelae may facilitate the development of appropriate interventions and public health strategies regarding meningococcal disease within the region. (C) 2012 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.