Cuttlefish can school in the field.
Cuttlefish can school in the field.
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墨鱼可以在田野里成群结队。
DOI：
10.1007/s00227-015-2622-z
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Nakatsuru S and Ikeda Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yasumuro H;Nakatsuru S and Ikeda Y
乌贼在自然界中通常是独居的，但我们已经发现宽鳍乌贼（Sepia latimanus）形成学校的证据。在日本冲绳观测了145分钟的各种大小的宽手群。这些群体由2-9名成员组成，通常体型相似。这些群体不断改变形状，形成集群或线条。这些群体被视为群体，具有特征性的结构，如同步和两极化游泳，彼此之间的距离相似（约4.0地幔长度），并且与最近的邻居平行游泳（角度小于20°或大于110°），无论群体中成员的数量如何。在学校里，小成员有时跟随大成员。这些特征与在Teuthoidea鱿鱼学校中观察到的特征相似。由大量成员组成的鱼群经常表现出捕食小型甲壳类动物和鱼类的行为。这是首次观察到的学校行为在野生乌贼。
Cuttlefish (Sepiidae) are usually solitary in nature, but we have found evidence that the broadclub cuttlefish (Sepia latimanus) forms schools.S. latimanusgroups of various sizes were observed for 145 min in Okinawa, Japan. The groups were comprised of 2–9 members that were usually of similar body sizes. The groups continuously changed shape, forming either clusters or lines. The groups were regarded as schools and had characteristic structures such as synchronized and polarized swimming with similar distances apart from each other (~4.0 mantle length), and swam in parallel (under 20° or over 110° in angle) to their nearest neighbours, regardless of the numbers of members in the group. Small members sometimes followed larger members within the school. These characteristics were similar to those observed in schools of Teuthoidea squid. Schools comprising large numbers of members frequently exhibited hunting behaviour for small crustaceans and fish. This is the first observation of schooling behaviour in wild Sepiidae.