Ex-Yugoslavs in the Austrian and Swedish labour markets: The significance of the period of migration and the effect of citizenship acquisition
Ex-Yugoslavs in the Austrian and Swedish labour markets: The significance of the period of migration and the effect of citizenship acquisition
复制标题
奥地利和瑞典劳动力市场中的前南斯拉夫：移民时期的意义和获得公民身份的影响
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Irena Kogan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Irena Kogan
本文评估了在奥地利和瑞典的前南斯拉夫移民的劳动力市场融合的三个相关的结构特征的两个社会：移民政策，劳动力市场和福利法规。奥地利1996年微型人口普查和瑞典1997年劳动力调查数据被用来探讨前南斯拉夫公民在奥地利和瑞典的劳动力市场上的成就四个方面的结果：劳动力参与，失业，经济部门的浓度和职业地位。1973年以前移民到瑞典和奥地利的劳动力市场情况十分相似，而最近移民到瑞典的人与前往奥地利的人相比，活动率明显较低，失业风险较高。如果成功找到工作，最近在瑞典的南斯拉夫移民能够进入比奥地利同胞更有声望的职业，但与本土出生的移民相比，这两个国家的移民都处于不利地位。该研究表明，在控制移民时期时，公民身份本身并不影响瑞典劳动力市场的结果。相比之下，在奥地利，非公民在非第三产业部门就业的风险更高，从事的工作职业地位较低。
This paper assesses the labour market integration of ex-Yugoslav immigrants in Austria and Sweden in terms of three relevant structural characteristics of the two societies: immigration policies, labour markets and welfare regulations. The Austrian 1996 micro-census and the Swedish 1997 labour force survey data are utilised to explore the labour market attainment of ex-Yugoslav citizens in Austria and Sweden in terms of four outcomes: labour force participation, unemployment, economic sector concen tration and occupational status. The labour market situations of pre-1973 immigrants in Sweden and Austria were found to be quite similar, while more recent immigrants to Sweden show distinctly lower activity rates and higher unemployment risks compared to natives than do their counterparts who went to Austria. If successful in finding a job, recent Yugoslav immigrants in Sweden managed to enter more prestigious occupations than their compatriots in Austria, but immigrants in both countries are disadvantaged if compared to the native-born. The study demonstrates that, when controlling for period of migration, citizenship per se does not influence labour market outcomes in Sweden. In Austria, in contrast, non-citizens have higher risks of employment in the non-tertiary sector and hold jobs of lower occupational status.