Fusarium species from Nepalese rice and production of mycotoxins and gibberellic acid by selected species
Fusarium species from Nepalese rice and production of mycotoxins and gibberellic acid by selected species
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.66.3.1020-1025.2000
复制
发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Maragos, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desjardins, AE;Manandhar, HK;Maragos, CM
感染镰刀菌的谷物可导致霉菌毒素污染，影响人类和动物的健康。为了确定真菌毒素污染的可能性，我们从1997年在尼泊尔喜马拉雅山麓农场采集的水稻种子样品中分离了镰刀菌属的物种。fujikuroi交配群体C（无性型，Fusarium fujikuroi）和G，fujikuroi交配群体D（无性型，Fusarium proliferatum）。交配群体D的广泛出现表明它在水稻恶苗病的复杂症状中可能起着重要作用。其他常见的物种是玉米赤霉（变种，禾谷镰刀菌）和半盖镰刀菌，尖镰孢。镰刀菌anguioides，燕麦镰刀菌，厚垣孢镰刀菌，木贼镰刀菌，和尖孢镰刀菌偶尔存在。交配种群C的菌株产生白僵菌素、念珠藻素和赤霉酸，但很少或没有伏马菌素，而交配种群D的菌株产生白僵菌素、伏马菌素，通常还有念珠藻素，但没有赤霉酸。有些菌株产生8-酮基二萜烯雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，而另一些菌株产生脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇。尽管出现了交配群体D的伏马菌素产生菌株和8-酮基二孢噻吩产生菌株，但尼泊尔大米没有显示出这些真菌毒素的可检测污染。有效的谷物干燥和储存传统做法可以防止尼泊尔大米受到镰刀菌真菌毒素的污染。
Infection of cereal grains with Fusarium species can cause contamination with mycotoxins that affect human and animal health. To determine the potential for mycotoxin contamination, we isolated Fusarium species from samples of rice seeds that were collected in 1997 on farms in the foothills of the Nepal Himalaya, The predominant Fusarium species in surface-disinfested seeds with husks were species of the Gibberella fujikuroi complex, including G, fujikuroi mating population A (anamorph, Fusarium verticillioides), G. fujikuroi mating population C (anamorph, Fusarium fujikuroi), and G, fujikuroi mating population D (anamorph, Fusarium proliferatum). The widespread occurrence of mating population D suggests that its role in the complex symptoms of bakanae disease of rice may be significant. Other common species were Gibberella zeae (ana morph, Fusarium graminearum) and Fusarium semitectum, with Fusarium acuminatum. Fusarium anguioides, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium chlamydosporum, Fusarium equiseti, and Fusarium oxysporum occasionally present. Strains of mating population C produced beauvericin, moniliformin, and gibberellic acid, but little or no fumonisin, whereas strains of mating population D produced beauvericin, fumonisin, and, usually, moniliformin, but no gibberellic acid. Some strains of G, zeae produced the 8-ketotrichothecene nivalenol, whereas others produced deoxynivalenol. Despite the occurrence of fumonisin-producing strains of mating population D, and of 8-ketotrichothecene-producing strains of G, zeae, Nepalese rice show-ed no detectable contamination with these mycotoxins. Effective traditional practices for grain drying and storage may prevent contamination of Nepalese rice with Fusarium mycotoxins.