Respiratory gas exchange, nitrogenous waste excretion, and fuel usage during aerobic swimming in juvenile rainbow trout
Respiratory gas exchange, nitrogenous waste excretion, and fuel usage during aerobic swimming in juvenile rainbow trout
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02338293
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wood, CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lauff, RF;Wood, CH
采用呼吸测定法研究了虹鳟幼鱼（17 g）在58 h有氧持续运动中燃烧的燃料类型。由于邻近身体成分缺乏可检测到的变化，试图通过消耗（成分方法）来测量这些鱼的燃料使用量，但没有成功。O-2消耗，CO2排泄，和含氮废物排泄（氨-N加尿素-N）在个别鱼游泳连续在55%和80%的最大可持续游泳速度和非游泳控制。O-2消耗量和CO2排出量随游泳速度的增加而增加，随时间的推移而减少。N排泄的绝对速率与游泳速度和时间无关。在实验开始时，非游泳者的瞬时有氧燃料消耗（根据呼吸消耗和氮消耗计算）约为47%脂质、30%蛋白质和23%碳水化合物。随着游泳速度的增加，蛋白质氧化的绝对速率没有变化，而脂质和碳水化合物的氧化都增加。因此，相对蛋白质的贡献随着速度的增加而减少，但随着游泳持续时间的增加，其他燃料的氧化随着时间的推移而下降。然而，脂质氧化在所有速度和所有时间都占主导地位。碳水化合物的相对贡献随着游泳速度的增加而增加，随着时间的推移而减少。这些结果表明，随着时间的推移，游泳变得更有效率，并有助于解决文献中的不确定性。我们的结论是，脂质是有氧运动的主要燃料，蛋白质catenorase保持在必要的最低水平的维护，碳水化合物氧化变得更加重要，增加白色肌肉招聘速度更高。
The types of fuel burned by juvenile rainbow trout (17 g) during a 58-h period of aerobic sustained exercise were studied by respirometry. Attempts to measure fuel usage by depletion (the compositional approach) in these same fish were unsuccessful due to lack of detectable changes in proximate body composition. O-2 consumption, CO2 excretion, and nitrogenous waste excretion (ammonia-N plus urea-N) were measured in individual fish swum continuously at 55% and 80% of maximum sustainable swimming speed and in non-swimming controls. O-2 consumption and CO2 excretion increased with swimming speed, and decreased over time. Absolute rates of N excretion were independent of swimming speed and time. Instantaneous aerobic fuel use, as calculated from the respiratory quotients and nitrogen quotients, was approximately 47% lipid, 30% protein, and 23% carbohydrate in non-swimmers at the start of the experiment. With increased swimming speed there was no change in absolute rates of protein oxidation, while lipid and carbohydrate oxidation both increased. Therefore, the relative protein contribution decreased with increasing speed but increased with swimming duration as the oxidation of other fuels declined over time. However, lipid oxidation predominated at all speeds and at all times. The relative contribution of carbohydrate increased with swimming speed and decreased over time. These results suggest that swimming becomes more efficient over time and help resolve uncertainties in the literature. We conclude that lipid is the main fuel of aerobic exercise, that protein catabolism is kept at minimum levels necessary for maintenance, and that carbohydrate oxidation becomes more important with increased white muscle recruitment at higher speed.