Does Rationality Give Us Reasons?1
Does Rationality Give Us Reasons?1
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理性给我们理由吗？1
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Broome
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Broome
我们大多数人理所当然地认为，我们应该是理性的--拥有构成理性能力的一系列性格和能力。我们中的大多数人还理所当然地认为，我们应该满足个人对理性的各种要求：我们不应该相信今天是星期一，但也不应该相信今天不是星期一；如果我们打算去开会，并认为乘坐12点50分的车是到达那里的唯一途径，那么我们应该打算赶上12点50分的车；等等。这些事情是否真的是这样，这是一个真正的问题：我们应该理性吗？我们应该满足理性的个体需求吗？在这篇文章中，我将建议第一个问题的答案似乎是“是的”，但我将特别集中在第二个问题上。我要解释的是，我没有找到令人满意的理由对它回答‘’是‘’。就目前而言，我怀疑我们是否有必要满足每个人对理性的要求。事实上，我怀疑我们是否有任何理由满足这些要求。
Most of us take it for granted that we ought to be rational—to have the bundle of dispositions and abilities that constitute the faculty of rationality. Most of us also take it for granted that we ought to satisfy various individual requirements of rationality: we ought not to believe it is Monday and also believe it is not Monday; we ought to intend to catch the 12.50, if we intend to get to a meeting and believe catching the 12.50 is the only way to get there; and so on. There is a genuine question whether these things are so: ought we to be rational, and ought we to satisfy the individual requirements of rationality? In this paper, I shall suggest that the answer to the first question is plausibly ‘‘Yes’’, but I shall concentrate particularly on the second question. I shall explain that I have found no satisfactory grounds for answering ‘‘Yes’’ to it. For the moment, I doubt that, necessarily, we ought to satisfy each of the individual requirements of rationality. Indeed, I doubt that, necessarily, we have any reason to satisfy each of these requirements.