Mitochondrial fusion and inheritance of the mitochondrial genome
Mitochondrial fusion and inheritance of the mitochondrial genome
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DOI：
10.1007/s10265-009-0268-y
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发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
H. Takano;Kenta Onoue;S. Kawano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Takano;Kenta Onoue;S. Kawano
虽然线粒体基因组的母系或单亲遗传是一般规则，但有时在原生生物和真菌（包括酵母）中观察到双亲遗传。在酵母中，重组发生在从双亲遗传的线粒体基因组之间。在酵母受精卵中观察到的线粒体融合被认为为DNA重组建立了空间。在过去的十年中，一个普遍的线粒体融合机制已被发现，使用酵母作为模型。另一方面，在真正的黏菌多头绒泡菌（Physarumpolycephalum）中发现了另一种线粒体融合机制。一个特定的线粒体质粒，mF，已被检测到的遗传物质，导致线粒体融合在P。多头畸形在没有mF的情况下，在整个生活史中没有观察到线粒体的融合，表明Physarum没有组成性线粒体融合机制。相反，线粒体融合在合子和孢子形成过程中与mF。完整的mF序列表明，一个基因，ORF 640，编码一个融合子为绒泡菌线粒体。虽然一般来说，线粒体是单亲遗传的，但双亲遗传发生在P中的特定有性杂交。多头畸形对线粒体基因组传递的分析表明，两个亲本线粒体基因组之间的重组需要由mF介导的线粒体融合。
Although maternal or uniparental inheritance of mitochondrial genomes is a general rule, biparental inheritance is sometimes observed in protists and fungi, including yeasts. In yeast, recombination occurs between the mitochondrial genomes inherited from both parents. Mitochondrial fusion observed in yeast zygotes is thought to set up a space for DNA recombination. In the last decade, a universal mitochondrial fusion mechanism has been uncovered, using yeast as a model. On the other hand, an alternative mitochondrial fusion mechanism has been identified in the true slime moldPhysarum polycephalum. A specific mitochondrial plasmid, mF, has been detected as the genetic material that causes mitochondrial fusion inP. polycephalum. Without mF, fusion of the mitochondria is not observed throughout the life cycle, suggesting thatPhysarumhas no constitutive mitochondrial fusion mechanism. Conversely, mitochondria fuse in zygotes and during sporulation with mF. The complete mF sequence suggests that one gene, ORF640, encodes a fusogen forPhysarummitochondria. Although in general, mitochondria are inherited uniparentally, biparental inheritance occurs with specific sexual crossing inP. polycephalum. An analysis of the transmission of mitochondrial genomes has shown that recombinations between two parental mitochondrial genomes require mitochondrial fusion, mediated by mF.Physarumis a unique organism for studying mitochondrial fusion.