High prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and voles (Arvicola terrestris) in the city of Zurich, Switzerland
High prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in urban red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and voles (Arvicola terrestris) in the city of Zurich, Switzerland
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182099005351
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发表时间：
2000-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Deplazes, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hofer, S;Gloor, S;Deplazes, P
在1996年1月至1998年2月的26个月期间，对瑞士苏黎世市的388只狐狸进行了肠道感染多房棘球蚴和其他蠕虫的检查。城区城区冬季狐中多房蛔虫的流行率为47%，而邻近游憩区的狐中多房蛔虫的流行率为67%。多房绦虫的流行率存在季节差异，仅在城市亚成年雄性狐狸中存在，夏季感染频率明显低于冬季。以每只狐狸虫数表示的棘球蚴生物量分布在冬季随机抽取的133只感染狐狸中呈过分散分布。其中10只（8%）感染10000多只，携带多房绦虫398 653只，占总生物量的72%。不同年龄和性别的狐狸患病率差异不显著，但亚成年狐狸的虫负荷明显高于成年狐狸。在苏黎世某城市公园捕获的田鼠（Arvicola terrestris）中，通过形态学检查和PCR鉴定出多房田鼠。1997年60只鼠患病率为20%，1998年75只鼠患病率为9%。1997年有2例发生原头节。针对已建立的城市多房大肠杆菌循环，讨论了人类感染的可能风险。
Over a period of 26 months from January 1996 to February 1998, 388 foxes from the city of Zurich, Switzerland, were examined for intestinal infections with Echinococcus multilocularis and other helminths. The prevalence of E. multilocularis in foxes sampled during winter increased significantly from 47 % in the urban to 67 % in the adjacent recreational area, whereas prevalence rates of other helminths were similar in both areas. Seasonal differences in the prevalence of E. multilocularis were only found in urban subadult male foxes which were significantly less frequently infected in summer than in winter. The distribution of the Echinococcus biomass, as expressed by worm numbers per fox was overdispersed in 133 infected foxes randomly sampled in winter. Ten of these foxes (8 %) were infected with more than 10000 specimens and carried 72 % of the total biomass of E. multilocularis (398 653 worms). Prevalences did not differ significantly in these foxes in regard to age and sex but worm burdens were significantly higher in subadult foxes as compared with adult foxes. In voles (Arvicola terrestris) trapped in a city park of Zurich, E. multilocularis metacestodes were identified by morphological examination and by PCR. The prevalence was 20 %, among 60 rodents in 1997 and 9 % among 75 rodents in 1998. Protoscoleces occurred in 2 of the cases from 1997. The possible risk for human infection is discussed with respect to the established urban E. multilocularis cycle.