Early life social and ecological determinants of global DNA methylation in wild spotted hyenas
Early life social and ecological determinants of global DNA methylation in wild spotted hyenas
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.15174
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发表时间：
2019-08-12
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Holekamp, Kay E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laubach, Zachary M.;Faulk, Christopher D.;Holekamp, Kay E.
生命早期的环境因素可能对动物的发育和表型产生持久的影响，但对潜在的分子修饰仍然知之甚少。我们研究了肯尼亚马赛马拉国家保护区的293只野生斑点鬣狗（Crocuta crocuta）的早期生活社会生态因素和全球DNA甲基化之间的横断面关联，这些鬣狗根据三个年龄组（幼崽，亚成体和成年）分组。解释性变量的利益，包括每年的产妇排名的基础上的结果，二元竞争的相互作用，产仔数，野生有蹄类动物的猎物密度和人为干扰，在这一年，每个鬣狗出生的基础上，在保护区的非法牲畜计数。感兴趣的因变量是总体DNA甲基化，通过光度甲基化测定进行评估，该测定提供了在整个基因组的CCGG位点处计算的甲基化百分比值。在幼崽中，我们观察到高级别母亲所生后代的CCGG甲基化比低级别母亲所生后代高约2.75%。在幼崽和亚成体中，较高的人为干扰对应于较高的CCGG甲基化%。在幼崽和成年人，我们发现猎物密度之间的负相关测量前鬣狗是3个月大和%CCGG甲基化。我们的研究结果表明，母亲的排名，人为干扰和猎物的可用性在生命早期与以后的生活全球DNA甲基化。未来的研究需要了解这些DNA甲基化模式与成人表型和健身结果相关的程度。
Environmental factors early in life can have lasting influence on the development and phenotypes of animals, but the underlying molecular modifications remain poorly understood. We examined cross-sectional associations among early life socioecological factors and global DNA methylation in 293 wild spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in the Masai Mara National Reserve, Kenya, grouped according to three age classes (cub, subadult and adult). Explanatory variables of interest included annual maternal rank based on outcomes of dyadic agonistic interactions, litter size, wild ungulate prey density and anthropogenic disturbance in the year each hyena was born based on counts of illegal livestock in the Reserve. The dependent variable of interest was global DNA methylation, assessed via the LUminometric Methylation Assay, which provides a percentage methylation value calculated at CCGG sites across the genome. Among cubs, we observed approximately 2.75% higher CCGG methylation in offspring born to high- than low-ranking mothers. Among cubs and subadults, higher anthropogenic disturbance corresponded with greater %CCGG methylation. In both cubs and adults, we found an inverse association between prey density measured before a hyena was 3 months old and %CCGG methylation. Our results suggest that maternal rank, anthropogenic disturbance and prey availability early in life are associated with later life global DNA methylation. Future studies are required to understand the extent to which these DNA methylation patterns relate to adult phenotypes and fitness outcomes.